Table 3 Chemical composition of petroleum ether extracts from C. pentagyna fruit, leaf, and root analyzed by GC-MS.

2-Methylheptane

C₈H₁₈

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

3.628

-

-

0.779%

-

3-Methylheptane

C₈H₁₈

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

3.758

-

-

0.824

%

-

Octane

C₈H₁₈

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

4.283

-

-

0.662

%

-

2,6-Dimethylheptane

C₉H₂₀

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

4.915

-

-

0.128

%

-

1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane

C₈H₁₆

Cyclo alkane

-

4.953

-

-

0.102

%

-

2,5-Dimethylheptane

C₉H₂₀

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

5.074

-

-

0.280

%

-

1,1,3-Trimethylcyclohexane

C₉H₁₈

Cyclo alkane

-

5.141

-

-

0.160

%

-

2,3,5-Trimethylhexane

C₉H₂₀

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

5.600

-

-

0.091

%

-

2-Methyloctane

C₉H₂₀

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

5.819

-

-

0.218

%

-

2,5-Dimethylheptane

C₉H₂₀

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

6.015

-

-

0.179

%

-

Nonane

C₉H₂₀

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

6.790

-

-

0.446

%

-

2,6-Dimethyloctane

C₁₀H₂₂

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

7.776

-

-

0.353

%

-

3-Ethyl-2-methylheptane

C₁₀H₂₂

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

7.994

-

-

0.309

%

-

3,7,11-Trimethyl-1-dodecanol

C₁₅H₃₂O

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

8.423

-

-

0.292

%

-

4-Methylnonane

C₁₀H₂₂

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

8.619

-

-

0.380

%

-

2-Methylnonane

C₁₀H₂₂

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

8.709

-

-

0.240

%

-

Decane

C₁₀H₂₂

Alkane hydrocarbon

9.803

9.816

9.809

0.290%

1.574

%

1.665%

4-Methyldecane

C₁₁H₂₄

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

10.518

10.509

-

0.675

%

0.751%

Undecane

C₁₁H₂₄

Alkane hydrocarbon

12.890

12.925

12.911

1.189%

2.341

%

3.310%

2,6-Dimethyldecalin

C₁₂H₂₂

Polycyclic hydrocarbon

16.006

-

16.020

0.873%

-

2.313%

Decahydro-1,6-dimethylnaphthalene

C₁₂H₂₂

Polycyclic hydrocarbon

16.285

-

-

0.609%

-

-

2,6-Dimethyldecalin

C₁₂H₂₂

Polycyclic hydrocarbon

16.608

16.599

16.622

1.842%

2.170

%

5.222%

1,5-Dimethyldecahydronaphthalene

C₁₂H₂₂

Polycyclic hydrocarbon

16.774

16.779

16.787

3.163%

3.011

%

9.014%

Tridecane

C₁₃H₂₈

Alkane hydrocarbon

18.701

18.699

18.707

0.845%

0.756

%

3.218%

Geranyl isovalerate

C₁₅H₂₆O₂

Fatty ester

20.244

-

-

0.286%

-

-

2,6,10-Trimethyltetradecane

C₁₇H₃₆

Isoprenoid hydrocarbon

20.395

-

-

0.4312%

-

-

Farnesan

C₁₅H₃₂

Sesquiterpene

20.741

-

20.732

0.479%

-

1.823%

Tetradecane

C₁₄H₃₀

Alkane hydrocarbon

21.351

21.349

21.357

1.565%

1.196

%

6.375%

2-Methyl-1-hexadecanol

C₁₇H₃₆O

Fatty alcohol

-

-

22.591

-

-

0.888%

Pentadecane

C₁₅H₃₂

Alkane hydrocarbon

23.873

23.863

23.871

0.4280%

0.346

%

1.482%

Hexadecane

C₁₆H₃₄

Alkane hydrocarbon

26.229

-

26.235

0.298

%

-

2.207%

8-Amino-6-methoxy-4-methyl-5-[n-nonoxy]-quinoline

C₁₀H₁₀N₂O

Heterocyclic aromatic derivatives

-

27.122

-

-

0.277

%

-

Benzene, 1,3,5-tris(1-methylpropyl)-

C₁₈H₃₀

Benzene derivatives

27.569

27.574

27.567

0.493%

0.462

%

2.316%

11-Eicosenoic acid

C₂₀H₃₈O₂

Fatty Acid

-

-

28.576

-

-

1.256%

3α-Methyl-24-noroleana-4(23),12-diene

C₃₀H₄₈

Triterpene

-

-

28.997

-

-

1.089%

Naphthalene, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-isopropyl-1,2,4,4,7-pentamethyl-

C₁₈H₂₈

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

-

-

29.908

-

-

0.899%

Octadecane

C₁₈H₃₈

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

-

30.638

-

-

2.385%

3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol

C₂₀H₄₀O

Diterpene

-

31.443

-

-

0.656

%

-

6,10,14-Trimethylpentadecan-2-one

C₁₈H₃₆O

Sesquiterpenoid

-

31.586

-

-

0.415

%

-

7,9-Di-tert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione

C₁₇H₂₄O₃

Lactone

33.185

-

-

0.814%

-

-

Methyl palmitate

C₁₇H₃₄O₂

Fatty acid ester

-

33.205

-

-

1.581

%

-

Eicosane

C₂₀H₄₂

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

-

34.636

-

-

2.643%

Methyl linolelaidate

C₁₉H₃₄O₂

Fatty acid ester

36.442

-

-

0.72

%

-

-

Methyl linolenate

C₁₉H₃₂O₂

Fatty acid ester

-

36.570

-

-

2.904

%

-

Oleic Acid

C₁₈H₃₄O₂

Fatty acid

-

37.623

-

-

2.834

%

-

Tributyl acetylcitrate

C₂₀H₃₄O₈

Citrates (tricarboxylic acid)

39.470

-

39.506

0.924%

-

6.424%

Oleic acid, 3-(octadecyloxy)propyl ester

C₃₉H₇₆O₃

Fatty acid ester

39.997

-

-

0.628%

-

-

17-Pentatriacontene

C₃₅H₇₀

Unsaturated hydrocarbon

-

40.025

47.674

-

1.412

%

8.667%

4,8,12,16-Tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide

C₂₁H₄₀O₂

Lactone

-

40.981

-

-

0.961

%

-

Dioctyl adipate

C₂₂H₄₂O₄

Adipate (dicarboxylic acids)

41.668

41.711

-

1.822%

1.411

%

-

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate

C₂₂H₄₂O₄

Adipate (dicarboxylic acids)

-

-

41.704

-

-

9.659%

Diisooctyl phthalate

C₂₄H₃₈O₄

Phthalate ester

-

-

44.053

-

-

4.805%

Hexacosane

C₂₆H₅₄

Alkane hydrocarbon

-

44.812

-

-

2.700

%

-

Docosyl heptanoate

C₂₉H₅₈O₂

Fatty esters

45.628

-

-

2.501%

-

-

Heptacosane

C₂₇H₅₆

Alkane hydrocarbon

46.253

46.310

-

3.065%

4.490

%

-

Erucamide

C₂₂H₄₃NO

Fatty amide

47.442

-

47.470

3.591%

-

4.583%

Oleic acid, 3-(octadecyloxy)propyl ester

C₃₉H₇₆O₃

Fatty acid ester

47.653

-

-

4.046%

-

-

Lycopersene

C₄₀H₆₆

Tetraterpene

48.089

-

-

1.561%

-

-

Squalene

C₃₀H₅₀

Triterpene

-

48.403

48.118

-

10.298

%

10.156%

Nonacosane

C₂₉H₆₀

Alkane hydrocarbon

49.234

49.239

-

50.747%

26.295

%

-

Oleyl palmitoleate

C₃₄H₆₄O₂

Fatty esters

-

51.324

-

-

6.537

%

-

Stigmast-5-en-3-ol, oleate

C₂₉H₅₀O

Steroid

-

-

52.303

-

-

6.83%

Tetratetracontane

C₄₄H₉₀

Alkane hydrocarbon

52.313

-

-

7.223%

-

-

Triacontane-1,30-diol

C₃₀H₆₂O₂

Alcohol

-

55.592

-

-

6.186

%

-

γ-Sitosterol

C₂₉H₅₀O

Steroid

57.431

57.602

-

6.117%

7.308

%

-

Pollinasterol

C₂₉H₄₈O

Steroid

61.557

-

-

3.430%

-

-

β-Sitosterol acetate

C₃₁H₅₂O₂

Steroid

-

61.720

-

-

5.740

%

-

Major Grouped Compounds

Fruits

Leaves

Roots

Terpenes

2.051%

10.954%

13.06%

Fatty acids, Fatty acid esters, Fatty amids

11.77%

13.85%

6.7%

Steroids

9.54%

13.04%

6.83%

Hydrocarbons

63.80%

49.20%

53.96%

Miscellaneous

3.97%

5.7%

6.99%

Total Identified%

91.13%

95.71%

89.67%