Fig. 6

Combination effect of punicalagin with antimicrobials against S. typhi, (A) Combination effect of punicalagin with ampicillin (Amp-10) against MDR S. typhi, (i) 100 μg of punicalagin showing no inhibition zone, (ii) Inhibition zone produced by ampicillin without punicalagin, (iii) Synergistic inhibition zone produced by 100 μg punicalagin with ampicillin showing 73% increase in fold area, (iv) Synergistic Inhibition zone produced by 500 μg punicalagin with ampicillin showing 26% in fold area, (B) Combination effect of punicalagin with aztreonam (ATM-30) against MDR S. typhi, (i) Inhibition zone produced by aztreonam without punicalagin, (ii) Synergistic inhibition zone produced by 100 μg punicalagin with aztreonam showing 35% increase in fold area, (iii) Synergistic inhibition zone produced by 500 μg punicalagin with aztronam showing 47% increase in fold area, (iv) Ciprofloxacin inhibition zone as positive control, (C) Combination effect of punicalagin with amoxicillin clavulanic acid (AMC-30) against MDR S. typhi, (i) Inhibition zone produced by amoxicillin clavulanic acid without punicalagin, (ii) Synergistic Inhibition zone produced by amoxicillin clavulanic acid with 30 μg punicalagin showing 54% increase in fold area, (iii) Indifferent Inhibition zone produced by amoxicillin clavulanic acid with 100 μg punicalagin showing 0% increase in fold area, (iv) Ciprofloxacin inhibition zone as positive control, (D) Combination effect of punicalagin with ceftriaxone (CRO-30) against MDR S. typhi, (i) 500 μg of punicalagin showing no inhibition zone, (ii) Inhibition zone produced by ceftriaxone without punicalagin, (iii) Synergistic inhibition zone produced by 500 μg punicalagin with ceftriaxone showing 47% increase in fold area, (iv) Methanol showing no inhibition zone as negative control