Microbial, phytochemical, toxicity analyses and antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacteria of some traditional remedies sold in Buea Southwest Cameroon

Table 2 Susceptibility of bacterial strains to standard antibiotics

Bacteria Strains	Diameter of zone of inhibition (mm)												Resistant classes of antibiotics (n)
Bacteria Strains	AK	GM	CI	NX	CL	NI	IP	TX	CT	XM	TR	TE	Resistant classes of antibiotics (n)
Citrobacter freundii	27	24	30	32	23	25	–	–	–	–	–	15	3
Citrobacter youngae	30	28	31	31	27	25	–	–	–	–	11	–	3
Citrobacter sp.	19	16	20	26	21	22	–	17r	–	–	30	16	2
Enterobacter cloacae	23	17	30	30	24	16	15r	15r	–	–	27	–	3
Escherichia coli	25	18	–	10r	22	30	25	–	–	–	–	–	4
MRSA	24	22	35	29	33	24	ND	10r	–	ND	15	15	3^b
Proteus mirabilis	20	20	37	36	–	14r	–	23	–	–	22	–	4
Proteus vulgaris	20	16	28	30	30	14r	15r	25	–	–	–	–	5
Providencia rettgeri	20	19	25	27	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	6
Salmonella typhi	19	20	25	25	–	15	–	–	–	–	–	–	5
Salmonella sp.	20	15	36	37	23	18	18r	–	–	–	–	17	3
E. coli ^a	ND	20	26	30	29	22	8r	8 r	ND	ND	8 r	8 r	4
P. aeruginosa ^a	ND	24	30	24	18	20	–	8	ND	ND	–	20	1
S. enterica ^aa	ND	22	20	28	30	21	–	20	ND	ND	22	19	1
S. enterica^ab	ND	19	29	27	25	9r	9 r	–	ND	ND	11r	19	3
S. aureus ^a	ND	21	22	19	15r	12r	7r	8r	ND	ND	7 r	19	5
S. epidermidis ^a	ND	22	ND	29	28	7r	0r	10r	ND	ND	29	28	3

Antibiotic classes: Aminoglycosides (AK Amikacin, GM Gentamicin), Carbapenems (IP Imipenem), Cephems (CT Cefotaxime, TX Ceftriaxone, XM Cefuroxime), Fluoroquinolones (CI Ciprofloxacin, NX Norfloxacin), Folate pathway inhibitors (TR Trimethoprim), Nitrofurans (NI Ntrofurantoin), Phenicols (CL Chloramphenicol), Tetracyclines (TE Tetracycline)
^a Control strains (BEI Resources and ATCC, USA); S. enterica strains a = (NR-515), b = (NR-4311). MRSA: methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; ^b resistant to methicillin, confirmed by a 0 mm zone not shown on the table. r and - (zone diameter = 0 mm), both indicate resistant strain. n: Number of antibiotic classes to which bacterial strain is resistant based on the reference data [20]; n ≥ 3, strain is considered multidrug resistant [2].

ISSN: 2662-7671