Fig. 4

Gut microbiota signatures in IBS. a Box plots showing the distribution of Simpson diversity values in IBS patients (IBS-A, red; IBS-D, orange; IBS-C, black) and healthy controls (HC, green). A significant difference between IBS patients and HC was found (Wilcoxon test, P = 9 × 10^− 6). b Principal component analysis of Euclidean distances between the genus-level intestinal microbial profiles (same color code as in A). Ellipses include 99% confidence area based on the standard error of the weighted average of sample coordinates. A significant separation between IBS and HC samples was found (permutation test with pseudo-F ratios, P = 2 × 10^− 5). c Genus-level microbial signatures of IBS, shown as Log2-fold changes between IBS and control samples. Orange, taxa more abundant in IBS; green, taxa more abundant in HC. Wilcoxon test, P < 0.05