Fig. 3

Inhibitory effect of HVC1 on the HCD-induced PPARs expressions in LDLR^−/− mice. LDLR^−/− mice were randomized into the ND group, HCD group, and treatment groups fed HCD with simvastatin (10 mg/kg) or HVC1 (10, 50 or 250 mg/kg) for 13 weeks. mRNA levels of PPARs (a-c) were analyzed by real-time PCR analysis. Expressions of PPAR-γ protein was determined by western blot assay using specific anti-PPAR-γ antibody (d). β-actin was used as a loading control. Values represent mean ± S.D. of three independent experiments (significant as compared to HCD, ^* p < 0.05, ^** p < 0.01, ^*** p < 0.001, significant as compared to ND, ^### p < 0.001)