Skip to main content

Table 2 CAM use in past 12 months

From: Complementary and alternative medicine use and absenteeism among individuals with chronic disease

 

CAM useb

 

Dietary supplements

 

Mind-body practices

 
 

n (weighted %)

p-valuea

n (weighted %)

p-value a

Chronic conditionb

    

 High Cholesterol

3516 (49.7)

0.26

711 (40.9)

<0.0001

 Arthritis

2609 (35.1)

0.23

638 (34.2)

0.92

 Hypertension

2395 (46.0)

0.06

433 (22.1)

<0.0001

 Cancer

852 (11.3)

0.81

248 (12.5)

0.45

 Depression

1242 (15.3)

0.65

503 (25.2)

<0.0001

 Diabetes

880 (11.8)

0.67

107 (5.8)

<0.0001

 Asthma

597 (8.0)

0.97

252 (12.9)

<0.0001

 Hepatitis

350 (3.9)

0.67

106 (4.1)

0.85

 Coronary heart disease

175 (2.4)

0.26

35 (2.1)

0.4

 COPD

134 (1.5)

0.53

32 (2.1)

0.55

 Substance Abuse

109 (1.2)

0.5

47 (2.2)

0.04

 Kidney Disease

93 (1.1)

0.38

16 (0.6)

0.15

Race/Ethnicity

    

 White

5058 (76.5)

ref

1393 (80.3)

ref

 African American

837 (9.1)

0.74

145 (5.8)

0.004

 Hispanic

927 (9.5)

0.96

166 (7.0)

0.0002

 Asian/Other

514 (4.9)

0.26

146 (6.9(

0.44

Ageb

 

0.003

 

0.0005

 18-24

679 (12.5)

 

190 (12.4)

 

 25-34

1002 (13.1)

 

374 (18.7)

 

 35-44

1369 (18.0)

 

371 (18.6)

 

 45-54

1957 (27.6)

 

453 (26.8)

 

 55-65

2345 (28.9)

 

462 (23.5)

 

Gender

    

 Male

3040 (44.2)

ref

648 (38.6)

ref

 Female

4312 (55.8)

<0.0001

1202 (61.4)

<0.0001

Household income

    

 <$35,000

1405 (13.6)

ref

384 (14.5)

ref

 $35,000-$74,999

2333 (31.1)

0.04

523 (25.8)

0.03

 $75,000-$99,999

1168 (17.3)

0.88

261 (14.8)

0.14

 $100,000+

2145 (38.0)

0.72

640 (45.0)

0.11

Education

    

 Did not complete high school

552 (7.2)

ref

67 (3.2)

ref

 High school diploma or GED

1634 (22.8)

0.21

246 (15.5)

0.01

 Associate's degree/some college

2572 (35.4)

0.005

618 (33.2)

<0.0001

 Bachelor's degree

1593 (21.5)

0.005

511 (27.5)

<0.0001

 Advanced degree

973 (13.2)

<0.0001

402 (20.6)

<0.0001

BMIc

 

0.003

 

<0.0001

 Underweight

1148 (15.4)

 

225 (10.6)

 

 Normal

1856 (24.9)

 

671 (34.9)

 

 Overweight

2541 (35.2)

 

640 (36.0)

 

Obese

1807 (24.5)

 

314 (18.5)

 

 Marital status

    

 Single

2068 (28.5)

ref

646 (33.6)

ref

 Married

4100 (61.8)

0.06

919 (57.0)

<0.0001

 Divorced/Separated

1032 (8.7)

0.28

250 (8.3)

0.01

 Widowed

138 (1.1)

0.15

34 (1.1)

0.23

Smoking status

    

 Never

4167 (57.3)

ref

993 (54.1)

ref

 Former

1915 (27.1)

0.85

525 (30.5)

0.08

 Current

1255 (15.7)

<0.0001

326 (15.4)

0.24

Alcohol consumptiond

    

 Abstainer

968 (15.1)

ref

196 (12.9)

ref

 Light Drinker

1728 (26.4)

0.85

428 (25.2)

0.53

 Moderate Drinker

1267 (20.6)

0.67

332 (21.9)

0.17

 Heavy Drinker

2434 (37.9)

0.52

722 (40.0)

0.10

Chronic conditionsc

 

0.19

 

0.06

 1

3901 (53.2)

 

1070 (58.3)

 

 2

2021 (28.4)

 

470 (26.3)

 

 3+

1430 (18.4)

 

310 (15.4)

 

Surgery in past 12 months

    

 No

6235 (85.3)

ref

1538 (82.5)

ref

 Yes

1114 (14.7)

0.67

310 (17.5)

0.11

Paid sick days

    

 No

2711 (37.7)

ref

722 (39.4)

ref

 Yes

4624 (62.3)

0.13

1126 (60.6)

0.75

General health

    

 Excellent

1778 (26.5)

ref

515 (31.8)

ref

 Very good

2617 (35.5)

0.55

709 (36.1)

0.07

 Good

2239 (29.5)

0.79

474 (24.8)

0.0001

 Fair/Poor

712 (8.5)

0.06

149 (7.2)

ref

Health insurance

    

 No

1000 (12.5)

ref

281 (13.9)

ref

 Yes

6352 (87.5)

0.01

1569 (86.1)

0.76

Number of employees

    

 0 to 9

1803 (25.4)

ref

511 (29.9)

ref

 10 to 249

1705 (23.4)

0.94

398 (23.0)

0.14

 50 to 249

1697 (22.7)

0.57

423 (21.6)

0.10

 249 to 9999

869 (12.8)

0.69

185 (10.9)

0.04

 1000+

1095 (15.7)

0.05

282 (14.6)

0.26

Class of worker

    

 Private company

5192 (83.3)

ref

1285 (82.1)

ref

 Government

284 (4.4)

0.33

71 (3.4)

0.42

 Self-employed

713 (12.3)

0.01

207 (14.5)

0.03

Reasons for CAM useb

    

 General wellness

1980 (27.3)

<0.0001

855 (45.0)

<0.0001

 Improve energy

49 (0.5)

<0.0001

38 (1.5)

<0.0001

 Improve immune function

184 (2.3)

<0.0001

64 (3.0)

0.004

 Improve athletic/sports performance

159 (2.4)

<0.0001

101 (5.7)

<0.0001

 Improve memory/concentration

80 (1.4)

<0.0001

33 (2.7)

0.0003

  1. aChi-square test for strength of association (α= 0.10)
  2. bGroups not exclusive
  3. cModeled as continuous variable
  4. dBased off the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans [29]