Pharmacological evidence for the folk use of Nefang: antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of its constituent plants

Tarkang, Protus Arrey; Okalebo, Faith A.; Siminyu, Juma D.; Ngugi, William N.; Mwaura, Amos M.; Mugweru, Jackson; Agbor, Gabriel A.; Guantai, Anastasia N.

doi:10.1186/s12906-015-0703-7

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Table 5 Antinociceptive effect of the constituent plant extracts of Nefang on heat-induced nociceptive pain in mice

From: Pharmacological evidence for the folk use of Nefang: antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of its constituent plants

Treatment (Drug/Aqueous Extract)	Dose (mg/kg)	Mice reaction time [RT] (sec) and pain inhibition [PI] (%) at designated time intervals (minutes) \( \left(\overline{\mathrm{x}}\pm \mathrm{S}\mathrm{D},\kern0.5em \mathrm{n}=4\right) \)
		0 min		30 min		60 min		120 min
		RT	PI	RT	PI	RT	PI	RT	PI
Normal Saline	-	9.51 ± 1.24	0	10.70 ± 1.07	12.6	10.56 ± 0.74	11.0	11.28 ± 0.67	18.6
Piroxicam	20	10.29 ± 0.61	0	19.31 ± 1.34*	87.7	47.49 ± 0.76**	361.6	47.41 ± 0.66**	360.8
Pethidine	50	9.44 ± 0.17	0	18.90 ± 0.92*	100.2	19.15 ± 0.77*	102.8	20.02 ± 1.14*	112.0
Mangifera indica bark	300	9.93 ± 0.25	0	13.90 ± 1.21	40.0	21.75 ± 1.28*	119.0	20.81 ± 0.68*	109.6
	600	9.63 ± 0.69	0	13.65 ± 0.34	41.8	22.23 ± 0.71*	131.0	22.61 ± 0.70*	134.8
	1200	10.05 ± 0.26	0	22.91 ± 0.89*	128.0	27.29 ± 0.62*	171.7	23.79 ± 1.81*	136.8
Mangifera indica leaf	300	11.11 ± 0.94	0	12.80 ± 0.58	15.2	16.71 ± 0.50*	50.4	16.11 ± 0.26	45.0
	600	11.21 ± 0.48	0	23.72 ± 0.88*	111.6	24.25 ± 1.17*	116.3	21.71 ± 0.68*	93.7
	1200	10.70 ± 0.53	0	23.41 ± 1.07*	118.8	32.75 ± 0.25**	206.1	28.56 ± 0.13*	167.0
Psidium guajava leaf	300	10.09 ± 0.45	0	14.41 ± 0.73	42.8	14.57 ± 0.68	44.4	13.79 ± 1.14	36.6
	600	9.84 ± 0.34	0	14.86 ± 0.51	51.1	15.47 ± 0.21	57.3	18.33 ± 0.29	86.3
	1200	10.29 ± 0.53	0	21.27 ± 0.46*	106.7	26.29 ± 0.24*	155.4	24.22 ± 0.57*	135.3
Carica papaya leaf	300	9.63 ± 0.48	0	11.46 ± 0.94	19.0	11.51 ± 0.36	19.5	10.79 ± 0.61	12.0
	600	9.45 ± 0.40	0	12.28 ± 0.84	30.0	12.51 ± 0.38	32.5	11.01 ± 0.72	16.6
	1200	9.90 ± 0.77	0	12.45 ± 0.28	25.8	17.42 ± 0.25*	76.0	16.91 ± 0.62	70.8
Cymbopogon citratus leaf	300	10.07 ± 0.34	0	11.00 ± 0.36	9.2	11.71 ± 0.38	16.3	15.28 ± 0.56	51.7
	600	9.78 ± 0.34	0	13.34 ± 0.77	36.4	13.02 ± 0.45	33.1	16.08 ± 0.72	64.4
	1200	10.05 ± 0.33	0	15.24 ± 1.12	51.6	14.81 ± 1.10	47.3	18.85 ± 0.57	75.0
Citrus sinensis leaf	300	9.90 ± 0.44	0	13.24 ± 0.60	33.7	12.83 ± 0.24	29.6	13.27 ± 0.70	34.1
	600	9.86 ± 0.46	0	15.10 ± 0.61	53.2	14.99 ± 0.90	52.1	13.60 ± 0.43	38.0±
	1200	9.73 ± 0.33	0	14.21 ± 0.67	46.0	16.34 ± 0.60*	67.9	15.03 ± 1.37	54.5
Ocimum gratissimum leaf	300	9.63 ± 0.36	0	13.66 ± 0.30	41.8	18.15 ± 0.89*	88.5	18.98 ± 0.92	97.0
	600	9.79 ± 0.28	0	13.66 ± 0.89	39.5	22.83 ± 0.20*	133.2	24.29 ± 1.17*	148.1
	1200	10.07 ± 0.70	0	28.98 ± 0.64*	187.7	29.94 ± 0.43**	197.2	32.55 ± 1.47**	223.1

Significant difference * - p < 0.05; ** - p < 0.001 when compared to the control

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