Figure 3

Apoptotic effects of the herbal extracts on OCs. RAW264.7 cells were seeded in 96-well cell culture plates and allowed to differentiate into OCs. Cells were cultured in the absence (Control) or presence of 10 μM AD, or 1, 10 and 100 μg/ml C. atratum (Atratum) M. azedarach (Azedarach) and C. turtschaninovii (Turtschaninovii) extracts. After 3 days, the cells were subjected to MTT (A), caspase 3/7 (B), 8 (C) and 9 (D) assays. The genomic DNA fragmentation assay (E) was carried out using a commercial kit, according to the manufacturer’s protocol. In the left adjacent lane, a 100 bp DNA ladder (Takara) was applied; bold bans indicate 1000 and 500 bp. Data in panel a to d are means ± standard deviations of 3 cultures, and each mean is valued relatively as “1.” *, p < 0.05 vs control.