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Table 2 Gene ontology groups with significant over-representation among genes with significantly changed expression in the BerH (FDR < 0.001)

From: Berberine moderates glucose metabolism through the GnRH-GLP-1 and MAPK pathways in the intestine

GO classification

Go term

GO ID

Count

Fold enrichment

FDR

Biological process

Intracellular signaling cascade

GO:0007242

60

7.195

1.61E-18

Phosphate metabolic process

GO:0006796

55

7.186

1.06E-17

Phosphorus metabolic process

GO:0006793

55

7.169

1.20E-17

Protein kinase cascade

GO:0007243

34

14.126

7.10E-16

Regulation of phosphorylation

GO:0042325

37

10.287

1.03E-15

Regulation of phosphate metabolic process

GO:0019220

37

9.890

4.11E-15

Regulation of phosphorus metabolic process

GO:0051174

37

9.890

4.11E-15

Protein amino acid phosphorylation

GO:0006468

42

7.539

2.09E-14

Regulation of kinase activity

GO:0043549

32

12.455

2.41E-14

Regulation of transferase activity

GO:0051338

32

11.872

1.06E-13

Response to organic substance

GO:0010033

48

5.738

2.16E-13

Regulation of protein kinase activity

GO:0045859

30

12.280

1.81E-12

Phosphorylation

GO:0016310

42

6.516

5.62E-12

MAPKKK cascade

GO:0000165

24

18.618

9.75E-12

Positive regulation of kinase activity

GO:0033674

26

14.494

5.94E-11

Positive regulation of transferase activity

GO:0051347

26

13.866

1.81E-10

Response to endogenous stimulus

GO:0009719

37

7.163

2.64E-10

Positive regulation of molecular function

GO:0044093

34

7.439

6.39E-09

Positive regulation of protein kinase activity

GO:0045860

24

13.939

8.79E-09

Positive regulation of catalytic activity

GO:0043085

32

7.995

1.47E-08

Response to hormone stimulus

GO:0009725

33

7.178

8.01E-08

Regulation of apoptosis

GO:0042981

32

5.243

2.47E-06

Regulation of programmed cell death

GO:0043067

32

5.174

3.54E-06

Regulation of cell death

GO:0010941

32

5.152

4.01E-06

Activation of protein kinase A activity

GO:0034199

9

66.561

3.21E-05

Enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway

GO:0007167

21

8.320

7.94E-05

Regulation of MAP kinase activity

GO:0043405

15

14.469

2.47E-04

Cellular response to hormone stimulus

GO:0032870

16

12.588

2.76E-04

Negative regulation of catalytic activity

GO:0043086

19

9.007

3.78E-04

cAMP biosynthetic process

GO:0006171

8

73.957

4.80E-04

Activation of protein kinase activity

GO:0032147

14

15.687

6.06E-04

Cellular constituent

Cytosol

GO:0005829

46

4.618

4.08E-17

Cell fraction

GO:0000267

32

3.714

9.48E-08

Nucleoplasm

GO:0005654

25

4.037

5.43E-06

Insoluble fraction

GO:0005626

25

3.716

2.73E-05

Soluble fraction

GO:0005625

16

6.026

5.40E-05

Organelle lumen

GO:0043233

31

2.849

1.12E-04

Plasma membrane

GO:0005886

45

2.108

1.93E-04

Membrane-enclosed lumen

GO:0031974

31

2.772

2.06E-04

Nuclear lumen

GO:0031981

26

3.148

3.24E-04

Intracellular organelle lumen

GO:0070013

28

2.668

0.002417965

Molecular function

Protein kinase activity

GO:0004672

38

7.617

4.54E-12

Purine ribonucleotide binding

GO:0032555

53

3.841

1.29E-11

Ribonucleotide binding

GO:0032553

53

3.839

1.33E-11

Protein serine/threonine kinase activity

GO:0004674

30

8.615

2.66E-11

Purine nucleotide binding

GO:0017076

53

3.660

1.11E-10

ATP binding

GO:0005524

46

4.169

6.83E-10

Adenyl ribonucleotide binding

GO:0032559

46

4.087

1.47E-09

Adenyl nucleotide binding

GO:0030554

46

3.856

1.44E-08

Purine nucleoside binding

GO:0001883

46

3.789

2.78E-08

Nucleoside binding

GO:0001882

46

3.759

5.66E-08

Nucleotide binding

GO:0000166

53

3.059

3.25E-07

MAP kinase activity

GO:0004707

9

59.748

7.78E-06

Adenylate cyclase activity

GO:0004016

8

82.079

1.34E-05

Phosphoprotein phosphatase activity

GO:0004721

15

13.329

5.76E-05

Kinase binding

GO:0019900

16

10.031

5.56E-04