Fig. 3
Effects of G. lucidum-fermented crop extracts on protecting against Aβ25-35-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. The cells were pre-treated with different substances: (A) Crop medium extract, (B) G. lucidum-fermented crop extract A, (C) extract B, (D) extract C, and (E) GABA standard (at concentrations ranging from 10 to 500 μg/mL) for 6 h, followed by treatment with Aβ25-35 (10 μM) for an additional 24 h. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay, following the procedures outlined in the Materials and methods section. The data were expressed as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Different letters (a-f) shown within the same figure indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) among the various treatment groups