Plant species, family/(Voucher specimen)a | Traditional use | Part used traditionally | Part used in this study (extraction yield in %)b | Potential active constituents | Previously screened activity |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ageratum conyzoïdes Linn. (Asteraceae)/(19050/SFR-Cam) | Purgative, fever, ulcers and wound, mental and infectious diseases, headaches, craw-craw, diarrhea [13]. | Leaves, whole plant [13] | Leaves (8.52%) | β-caryophyllene, precocene I, friedelin, Lycopsamine, echinatine,β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, 5-methoxynobiletin, linderoflavone B, eupalestin, sabinene, α and βpinene, 1.6%, β-phellandrene, 1,8-cineole and limonene, ocimene, eugenol [13] | Antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, insecticidal [13] |
Albizia gummifera (Mimosaceae)/(41196/HNC) | Bacterial infections, skin diseases, malaria and stomach pain [14] | Bark | Bark (11.51%) | Vitalboside A, vitalboside-A-2-methylglucuronate, lupeol, lupenone [14] | Antiplasmodial [15] |
Aloe barbadensis Mill. (Liliaceae), ICNA | Abrasions and burns, emollient and moisturizer [16] | Leaves [16] | Leaves (8.15%) | Aloin A, B, aloesin, aloresin A, aloe-emodin, rhein, aloe-emodin-9-anthrone [16] | Antidiabetic, antiviral, angiogenic, toxicity, immunomodulator [16] |
Cissus quadrangularis Linn. (Vitaceae)/(18668/SRF-Cam) | Fracture healing, eye diseases, chronic ulcer, tumors, asthma [17] | Stem, pulps [17] | Stem (6.83%) | Alpha and β-amyrin, β-sitosterol, ketosteroid, phenols, tannins, carotene [17] | Antiosteoporotic, analgesic, hypotensive, antibacterial, antifungal [18] |
Crinum zeylanicum Linn. (Amaryllidaceae)/(18263/SRF-Cam) | Rheumatism, earache, malaria, poison [19] | Bulbs [19] | Whole plant (6.85%) | Flexinine, 6‒hydroxypowelline, zeylamine, hamayne, 3‒acetylhamayne, crinamine, 6‒hydroxycrinamine, 6‒methoxycrinamine, crinine, ambelline, 6‒hydroxybuphandrine, 6‒ethoxybuphandrine, 6‒ethoxybuphanidrine, lycorine, 11‒O‒acetoxyambelline, galanthamine, sanguinine, 3‒O‒acetylsanguinine [19] | Antiproliferative compounds [19] |
Croton macrostachys Hochst. (Euphorbiaceae)/(40501/HNC) | Antidiabetic [20] | Roots, bark [20] | Bark (12.72%) | Taraxer-14-en-28-oic acid, trachyloban-19-oic acid, trachyloban-18-oic acid, neoclerodan-5,10-en-19,6β;20,12-diolide, 3α,19-dihydroxytrachylobane, 3α,18,19-trihydoxytrachylobane [20] | Not reported |
Dioscorea bulbifera L (Dioscoreaceae)/(14274/HNC) | Sore throat and struma, leprosy and tumors, diabetes, microbial infections [21, 22] | Rhizome [21] | Rhizome (15.8%) | Kaempferol-3,5-dimethyl ether, caryatin, (+)-catechin, myricetin, quercetin-3-O-galactopyranoside, myricetin-3-O-galactopyranoside, myricetin-3-O-glucopyranoside, diosbulbin B [21] | |
Dioscorea dumetorum (Kunth) Pax Trusted (Dioscoreaceae)/(24431/ SRF-Cam) | Diabetes, topical anesthetic, poison [24] | Leaves | Leaves (6.95%) | Dumetorine, dihydrodioscorine, demethylbatatasin IV, dihydroresveratrol [24, 25] | Not reported |
Dissotis perkinsiae Gilg. (Melastomataceae)/(6991/ SRF-Cam) | Typhoid fever (Personal information) | Leaves, stem | Stem with leaves (10.35%) | Not reported | Not reported |
Elaoephorbia drupifera (Thonn.) Stapf. (Euphorbiaceae)/(57644/HNC) | Hypertension, diabetes [26] | Leaves [26] | Leaves | Euphol, tirucallol, euphorbol, ingenol elaeophorbate, epitaraxerol, taraxerone, friedelin, lup-20(29)-en-3-one or lupenone, lupeol, olean-12-ene-3-one, olean-12-ene-3-ol,elaeophorbate [27, 28] | Leaves extract moderately inhibit HIV-1 and HIV-2 proviral DNA copying [29], relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscles on rats [30] |
Entada abyssinica Steud. ex A. Rich. (Mimosaceae)/(26967/SRF-Cam) | Bronchitis, coughs, arthritic pain, miscarriage, fever, abdominal pain [31] | Bark, Juice [31] | Bark (13.95%) | Not reported | Not reported |
Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst) Cufod (Acanthaceae)/(16371/SRF-Cam) | Dysentery, anemia, irregular menstruation, hemorrhoids, urinary tract infection [32] | Stem, leaves [32] | Stem with leaves (8.15%) | Not reported | Anti-diarrhoeal, anti-ulcerogenic [32] |
Gossypium barbadense L. (Malvaceae)/(25771/HNC) | Cold, bronchitis, palpitations, wounds, systematic diarrhea [33] | leaves, young shoots [33] | Leaves (8.15%) | Gossypol, hemigossypol,6-methoxyhemigossypol, 6-deoxyhemigossypol, 6-methoxygossypol, 6,6′-dimethoxygossypol [34, 35] | Antimicrobial [33] |
Kigelia Africana (Lam.) Benth (Bignoniaceae)/(23220/SRF-Cam) | Dysentery, ringworm, tape-worm, malaria, diabetes, post-partum haemorrhage, pneumonia, toothache, syphilis, gonorrhea [36] | Roots, fruits, leaves, bark [36] | Bark (15.85%) | Pinnatal, norvibutinal, β-sitosterol, 7-hydroxy viteoid II, 7-hydroxy eucommic acid, jiofuran, jioglutolide, kigelin, specioside, verminoside, stigmasterol, lapachol [36] | Antibacterial and antifungal, cytotoxic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, central nervous system stimulant, antidiabetic [36] |
(Bignoniaceae)/Markhamia tomentosa K.Schum. (1974/SRF-Cam) | Anti-snake venom, sore eyes, heart pain, scrotal elephantiasis [37] | Leaves | Bark (5.31%) | 2-acetylnaphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione, 2-acetyl-6-methoxynaphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione, oleanolic acid, pomolic acid, 3-acetylpomolic acid, tormentic acid, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside [38] | |
Stem and leaves | Malaria [39] | Leaves, roots, stems [39] | Stem with leaves (8.13%) | Paullinoside A, paullinomides A and B, β-amyrin, 13β, 17β-dihydroxy-28-norolean-12-ene, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol glucopyranoside [40] | Antiparasitic [39] |
Poliostigma thonningii (Schum.) Milne-Readhead (Caesalpiniaceae)/(32129/HNC) | Leprosy, smallpox, coughs, wounds, ulcers [41] | bark, root, leaves [41] | Bark (13.95%) | Piliostigmin, quercetin, quercitrin, 6-C-methylquercetin 3-methyl ether, 6-C-methylquercetin 3,7,3′-trimethyl ether, 6,8-di-C-methylkaempferol 3-methyl ether, 6,8-di-C-methylkaempferol 3,7-dimethyl ether [42] | Antihelmintic, antitussive, bronchodilator, antibacterial [41] |
Pseudarthria confertiflora (A. Rich.) Bak. Fabaceae)/(17465/SRF-Cam) | Typhoid fever (Personal information) | Leaves | Leaves (10.75%) | Not reported | Not reported |
Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv. (Bignoniaceae)/(29470/SRF-Cam) | Kidney diseases, urethra inflammation, poison, enemas, fungus skin diseases, herpes, stomachache, diarrhea [43] | Flowers, leaves, bark [43] | Bark (15.81%) | Ajugol, p-hydroxy-benzoic acid, methyl p-hydroxy-benzoate [43] | Molluscicidal, hypoglycemic, anti-HIV, anti-malarial [43] |
Spilanthes filicaulis (Schum et Thonn.) C.D. (Asteraceae)/(42040/HNC) | Toothache, stomach ache, gastritis [44] | Whole plant | Whole plant (5.62%) | Not reported | |
Stereospermum acuminatissimum K. Schum. (Bignoniaceae)/(45705/HNC) | Haemostatic, cicatrizing [47] | Leaves, barks [48] | Bark (13.15%) | 1,3,7-trimethylguanin-1/3-ium, 3,7-dimethylguanin-1/3-ium, 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl hentriacontanoate, sterequinones A, B, C, E, F, H, zenkequinones A, B, p-coumaric acid, methyl caffeate, caffeic acid, psilalic acid, syringaldehyde, norviburtinal, specioside, verminoside, tyrosol, eutigoside A, ellagic acid, atranorin, ursolic acid, pomolic acid, quinovic acid, oleanolic acid, triacontan-1,30-dioldiferulate, 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl dotriacontanoate [47, 48] | Antiprotozoal [49] |
Terminalia glaucescens Planch. (Combretaceae)/(9468/SRFCAM) | Dysentery, AIDS [50] | Bark | Bark (13.84%) | glaucinoic acid, arjunic acid, arjungenin, sericoside, friedelin [50] | Antiplasmodial, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, aldose reductase inhibition [50, 51] |