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Table 1 Histopathologic characteristics, familial history and the status of multivitamin use among BBD patients in placebo (n = 40) and intervention (n = 40) groups at baseline of the study

From: The effects of Berberis vulgaris consumption on plasma levels of IGF-1, IGFBPs, PPAR-γ and the expression of angiogenic genes in women with benign breast disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Characteristics

Intervention (n = 40)

Placebo (n = 40)

p-valuea

Histopathological characteristics

 Fibrocystic

34(85.0) b

35(87.5)

< 0.001

 Fibroadenoma

6(15.0)

5(12.5)

 

Family history of BC

 No

35(87.5)

30(75.0)

< 0.001

 Positive

5(12.5)

10(25.0)

 

Family history of BBD

 No

40(100.0)

39(97.5)

< 0.001

 Positive

0

1(2.5)

 

Smoker

 Never

40(100)

40(100)

N/A

 Ever

0

0

 

 Current

0

0

 

Multivitamin use

 No

38(95.0)

35(87.5)

< 0.001

 Yes

2(5.0)

5(12.5)

 
  1. BC breast cancer, BBD benign breast disorder
  2. aChi-square test was performed
  3. bData was expressed in the form of number of participants (relative frequency)