Fig. 3

Induction of the CD69 cellular activation marker on lymphocyte (a) and monocyte (b) subsets in human PBMC cultures. The PBMC cultures were treated for 24 h in the presence of the aqueous versus solid fractions of initial substrate (IS), fermented substrate (FS), and Trametes versicolor mycelium (TvM). Data are shown for the highest dose tested (2 mg/mL), where the dose represents the amount of starting material used to produce a given fraction. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation of the mean fluorescence intensities in triplicate cultures, and represents one of three separate experiments using PBMC cells from three different healthy human donors. Positive controls included lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 ng/mL) and Interleukin-2 (IL-2, 100 IU/mL). Statistical significance is indicated as * for P < 0.05 and **for P < 0.01