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Fig. 1 | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Fig. 1

From: Modulation of cancer signalling pathway(s) in two -stage mouse skin tumorigenesis by annonacin

Fig. 1

Micrographs of H&E skin tissues sections treated with (a) acetone (Group I; vehicle control) showed normal skin thickness. (b) DMBA/TPA (Group II; carcinogen control) showed huge hyperplastic epidermal layer, with increased number of keratinocyte (hyperkeratosis) and parakeratosis, increased size with huge extension of the dermal papillae, presence of keratin pearls and mark mitotic activity. (c) 85 nM annonacin (Group III; treatment) showed mild hyperplastic epidermal layer, mild dermal papillae extension, mild hyperkeratosis and prominent granular layer. (d) 85 nM annonacin without DMBA/TPA induction (Group IV; treatment control) showed the closest resemblance of skin thickness and morphology to Group 1. (e) 10 mg/kg curcumin (Group V; reference) showed moderate hyperplastic epidermal layer with increased number of keratinocyte, increased size with huge extension of dermal papillae. Note: [hyperplastic epidermal layer (HP) marked with yellow curly bracket], [hyperkeratosis (HK) marked with red arrow], [parakeratosis (P) marked with green arrow], [dermal papillae (DP) marked with black double arrow, keratin pearl (KP), [mitotic activity (M) marked with yellow arrow], [granular layer (GL) marked with white arrow], epidermis (e), dermis (d) and subcutaneous (S)

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