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Fig. 4 | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Fig. 4

From: Triptolide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in human endothelial cells: involvement of NF-κB pathway

Fig. 4

The effects of triptolide on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced monocyte adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were treated with LPS (1 μg/ml) in the presence or absence of triptolide (25, 50 or 100 nM) for 6 h, and subsequently co-cultured with fluorescence-labeled THP-1 cells for 30 min. (a) Representative images of fluorescence staining of monocyte adhesion to HUVECs. Magnification, × 200. HUVECs were exposed to (a) vehicle (control), (b) LPS or LPS with triptolide at the concentration of (c) 25, (d) 50 or (e) 100 nM prior to incubation with fluorescence-labeled THP-1 cells. (b) The adhesion ability of THP-1 cells was assayed using a spectrofluorometer. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard error of the mean. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, compared with LPS treatment alone. #p < 0.05, compared with the control group

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