Evaluation of the effects of a standardized aqueous extract of Phyllanthus emblica fruits on endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation and lipid profile in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled clinical study

Table 3 Effect of Placebo, Phyllanthus emblica 250 mg and Phyllanthus emblica 500 mg on biomarkers

Parameter	Placebo (A) (n = 18)			Phyllanthus emblica 250 mg (B) (n = 20)			Phyllanthus emblica 500 mg (C) (n = 21)
Parameter	Baseline	12 weeks	Mean % change	Baseline	12 weeks	Mean % change	Baseline	12 weeks	Mean% change
NO (μM/L)	32.97 ± 4.02	32.58 ± 3.88	−0.94%	34.53 ± 5.81	47.88 ± 5.62 ^*†	41.89%^†	32.62 ± 3.91	48.80 ± 5.97 ^*†	50.70%^†∞
GSH (μM/L)	421.24 ± 61.1	429.3 ± 62.4	2.15%	424.91 ± 103.16	524.05 ± 121.5^*§	24.31%^†	395.07 ± 58.03	599.33 ± 62.69^*†	53.22%^†∞
MDA (nM/ml)	3.79 ± 0.67	3.90 ± 0.60	3.53%	3.86 ± 0.75	2.94 ± 0.57^*†	−21.02%^†	3.85 ± 0.79	2.48 ± 0.38^*†	−31.44% ^†Ns
hsCRP (mg/L)	3.61 ± 0.74	3.66 ± 0.61	2.48%	3.39 ± 0.74	2.06 ± 0.93^*†	−39.68%^†	3.51 ± 0.91	1.56 ± 0.63^*†	−53.77%^†‡

Values expressed as mean ± SD
SD Standard deviation, NO Nitric oxide, GSH Glutathione, MDA Malondialdehyde, hsCRP high sensitivity C - reactive protein
^*p < 0.001 compared to baseline value. ^†p < 0.001 and ^§p < 0.01 compared to placebo (A vs B, A vs C). ^∞p < 0.001 B vs C, ^‡ p < 0.05: B vs C

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