Traditional Chinese medicine use is associated with lower end-stage renal disease and mortality rates among patients with diabetic nephropathy: a population-based cohort study

Table 2 Incidence rates and risks of ESRD and mortality among TCM users and TCM nonusers

Abbreviations: aCSHR adjusted cause-specific hazard ratio, aHR adjusted hazard ratio, ESRD end-stage renal disease, TCM traditional Chinese medicine;
*p-value <.001
^aIncidence is presented as 1000 person-year (PY)
^bAge, gender, geolocation, insurance level, comorbidities, medications, and previous TCM experience, were adjusted in the Cox regression model to evaluate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for all-cause mortality. Age, gender, geolocation, insured level, comorbidities, medications, previous experience with TCM were fitted in the competing-risk regression to evaluate the adjusted cause-specific hazard ratio (aCSHR) for ESRD

ISSN: 2662-7671