| Total population (n = 152) | Music listening sessions | P-Valuea | Effect size (Cohen’s d) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Exposed group (n = 61) | Non-exposed group (n = 91) | ||||
Age, mean ± SD (years) | 85.7 ± 6.4 | 85.7 ± 6.6 | 85.8 ± 6.3 | 0.915 | 0.018 |
Female, n (%) | 134 (88.2) | 53 (86.9) | 81 (89.0) | 0.691 | Â |
Living situation homeb, n (%) | 111 (73.0) | 45 (73.8) | 66 (72.5) | 0.866 | Â |
Reason for admission, n (%) | |||||
 Mobility disordersc | 125 (82.2) | 47 (77.0) | 78 (85.7) | 0.376 |  |
 Neuropsychiatric disordersd | 18 (11.8) | 9 (14.8) | 9 (9.9) | ||
 Organ failuree | 9 (5.9) | 5 (8.2) | 4 (4.4) | ||
Season of admission, n (%) | |||||
 Winter | 54 (35.5) | 22 (36.1) | 32 (35.2) | 0.999 |  |
 Spring | 18 (11.8) | 7 (11.5) | 11 (12.1) | ||
 Summer | 20 (13.2) | 8 (13.1) | 12 (13.2) | ||
 Autumn | 60 (39.5) | 24 (39.3) | 36 (39.6) | ||
MMSE score, mean ± SD (/30) | 21.5 ± 5.6 | 21.5 ± 6.0 | 21.6 ± 5.4 | 0.951 | 0.011 |
Therapeutic classes daily taken | |||||
 Mean ± SD upon admission | 8.2 ± 4.2 | 8.6 ± 4.3 | 7.9 ± 4.1 | 0.270 | 0.187 |
 Mean ± SD discharge | 9.2 ± 4.2 | 9.7 ± 4.5 | 9.0 ± 4.0 | 0.326 | 0.172 |
 Variationf (%) | 14.7 ± 37.9 | 11.2 ± 24.4 | 17.1 ± 44.8 | 0.350 | 0.015 |
Use of psychoactive drugsg, n (%) | |||||
 Upon admission | 64 (42.1) | 30 (49.2) | 34 (37.4) | 0.148 | 0.213 |
 Discharge | 61 (40.1) | 29 (47.5) | 32 (35.2) | 0.127 | 0.177 |
Length of stayh, mean ± SD (days) | 13.3 ± 6.8 | 14.8 ± 7.5 | 12.2 ± 6.1 | 0.019 | 0.200 |