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Table 2 Side effects and adverse reactions

From: The use of maoto (Ma-Huang-Tang), a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine, to alleviate flu symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study

Sample size

Side effects and adverse reactions in articles

 

Maoto + NAIs

NAIs

Maoto

Maoto + NAIs

NAIs

Maoto

Fukutomi 2005 [18]

10

12

 

None

None

 

Kubo 2007 [20]

17

18

 

3 discontinued maoto

None

 

Taketani 2008 [22]

40

145

 

None

None

 

Tsuji 2011 [28]

28

30

23

2 cases of diarrhoea,

2 cases of vomiting,

1 case of abdominal pain,

1 case of mental excitement

1 case of diarrhoea,

1 cases of vomiting,

2 cases of abdominal pain,

2 cases of mental excitement,

1 case of dizziness,

1 case of periorbital oedema

2 cases of diarrhoea,

1 case of vomit

Toriumi 2012 [30]

89

124

58

11 discontinued treatment,

3 developed bacterial infection,

3 developed dehydration

4 discontinued treatment,

1 changed treatment,

3 cases of abnormal behaviour,

1 developed bacterial infection,

3 developed dehydration

5 discontinued treatment,

4 changed treatment,

3 developed bacterial infection

Kawamura 2007 [19]

 

43

86

 

10 cases of abnormal behaviour

9 cases of abnormal behaviour

Kawamura 2008 [21]

 

47

125

 

N/A

N/A

Kawamura 2009 [23]

 

33

97

 

N/A

N/A

Mori 2010 [24]

 

40

19

 

N/A

N/A

Nabeshima 2010 [25]

 

8

12

 

None

None

Suzuki 2011 [27]

 

46

40

 

N/A

N/A

Nabeshima 2012 [29]

 

22

11

 

1 case of mild transaminase elevation, 1 discontinued treatment

1 case of mild transaminase elevation

  1. NAI neuraminidase inhibitor; None, no reported side effects or adverse reactions in the arm, N/A not available
  2. Sample sizes differ from those in Additional file 2: Table S1 for studies including loss-to-follow-up-participants in the analysis of side effects