Table 3 Mean of dietary intakes during the study on overweight or obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Dietary intakes during the study | Cardamom (n = 43) Mean(95% CI) | Placebo (n = 44) Mean(95% CI) | P-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
Energy (kcal) | 2038.2 (1875.6, 2200.8) | 2004.7 (1844.0, 2165.5) | 0.4 |
Protein (g) | 82.7 (74.8, 90.6) | 80.6 (72.8, 88.4) | 0.3 |
Protein (%) | 16.1 (15.3, 17.0) | 16.1 (15.3, 16.9) | 0.6 |
Carbohydrate (g) | 242.7 (221.5, 263.8) | 245.1 (224.1, 266.0) | 0.3 |
Carbohydrate (%) | 47.5 (45.8, 49.3) | 49.3 (47.5, 51.0) | 0.7 |
Fat (g) | 86.5 (78.7, 94.3) | 82.2 (74.4, 89.9) | 0.5 |
Fat (%) | 38.3 (36.8, 39.8) | 36.6 (35.1, 38.1) | 0.8 |
Cholesterol (mg) | 244.3 (200.6, 288.1) | 221.1 (177.9, 264.3) | 0.8 |
Saturated fat (g) | 23.7 (21.2, 26.2) | 22.7 (20.2, 25.1) | 0.7 |
Monounsaturated fatty acid (g) | 31.7 (28.7, 34.6) | 29.8 (26.9, 32.7) | 0.6 |
Polyunsaturated fatty acid (g) | 21.9 (19.4, 24.4) | 20.7 (18.2, 23.2) | 0.1 |
Vitamin A [RAE] (μg) | 372.1 (303.6, 440.6) | 398.3 (330.5, 466.0) | 0.3 |
Carotenoids (mg) | 8.1 (6.61, 9.73) | 8.2 (6.67, 9.75) | 0.2 |
Vitamin C (mg) | 83.1 (69.0, 97.2) | 86.5 (72.6, 100.4) | 0.7 |
Calcium (mg) | 941.4 (827.2, 1055.6) | 989.5 (876.6, 1102.3) | 0.050 |
Iron (mg) | 13.0 (12.0, 14.1) | 12.4 (11.4, 13.5) | 0.7 |
Vitamin D (μg) | 1.0 (0.5, 1.5) | 1.7 (1.2, 2.2) | 0.7 |
Vitamin E (mg) | 26.0 (23.3, 28.8) | 23.5 (20.8, 26.2) | 0.01 |
Vitamin B1 (mg) | 1.54 (1.40, 1.68) | 1.53 (1.40, 1.67) | 0.7 |
Vitamin B2 (mg) | 1.7 (1.5, 1.9) | 1.8 (1.6, 1.9) | 0.06 |
Vitamin B3 (mg) | 23.3 (20.7, 25.9) | 21.9 (19.4, 24.4) | 0.4 |
Vitamin B6 (mg) | 1.7 (1.5, 1.9) | 1.6 (1.5, 1.8) | 0.02 |
Folate (DFE) (μg) | 403.2 (363.2, 443.1) | 389.9 (350.4, 429.4) | 0.5 |
Vitamin B12 (μg) | 4.11 (3.55, 4.68) | 4.06 (3.50, 4.62) | 0.9 |
Vitamin K (μg) | 190.4 (135.4, 245.4) | 153.1 (98.8, 207.5) | 0.4 |
Zinc (mg) | 11.0 (10.0, 12.0) | 11.1 (10.1, 12.1) | 0.7 |
Selenium (μg) | 95.3 (84.7, 105.9) | 101.4 (90.9, 111.9) | 0.7 |
Total fiber (g) | 27.0 (24.1, 30.0) | 24.7 (21.8, 27.7) | 0.3 |