Fig. 5

Representative histological images of the fundic mucosa, taken from intact or IND-treated rats. a: Intact control (DW 5 mg kg^− 1, twice administrated rats with 30 min-intervals). b: IND control (DW 5 mg kg^− 1 and IND 25 mg kg^− 1 administered gastric mucosal damage induced vehicle control rats). c: OM (OM 10 mg kg^− 1 and IND 25 mg kg^− 1 administered reference drug treated rats). d: FBe 300 (FBe 300 mg kg^− 1 and IND 25 mg kg^− 1 administered the highest dosage experimental rats). e: FBe 200 (FBe 200 mg kg^− 1 and IND 25 mg kg^− 1 administered the middle dosage experimental rats). f: FBe 100 (FBe 100 mg kg^− 1 and IND 25 mg kg^− 1 administered the lowest dosage experimental rats). FBe: triple fermented barley extract as test material; DW: Distilled water; IND: indomethacin; OM: omeprazole; LU: lumen; ML: muscle layer; MM: muscularis mucosa; MU: mucosa layer; SM: submucosa. All hematoxylin and eosin stain. Scale bars = 180 μm