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Table 3 Overall summary in comparison with the UK Update report

From: Manual therapy for the pediatric population: a systematic review

Clinical condition

UK update (1) summary

Studies in current review

Intervention

Citations

Quality

Sample size

Results of study

Current study overall summary

Gastrointestinal Conditions

 Constipation

Not evaluated

1 OBS

OMT

Tarsuslu, 2009 [18]

Medium

13

No difference

Inconclusive (unclear)

 Infantile Colic

Inconclusive/ favorable

3 RCT

1 OBS

CMT

Miller, 2012 [19]

Wiberg, 2010 [20]

Browning, 2008 [21]

Olafsdottir, 2001 [22]

High

Low

High

High

104

749

43

86

Improvement

No improvement

No difference

No difference

Inconclusive (unclear)

 Infantile Colic

Inconclusive/ favorable

1 RCT

OMT/CST

Hayden, 2006 [23]

Medium

28

Improvement

Inconclusive (favorable)

 Pediatric dysfunctional voiding

Inconclusive/ favorable

1 RCT

OMT

Nemett, 2008 [24]

Medium

21

Improvement

Inconclusive (favorable)

 Pediatric nocturnal enuresis

Inconclusive/ favorable

1 OBS

CMT

van Poecke, 2009 [25]

Medium

33

Improvement

Inconclusive (unclear)

 Suboptimal infant breastfeeding

Not evaluated

2 OBS

CMT/CST

Miller, 2009 [26]

Vallone, 2004 [27]

Medium

Low

114

25

Improvement Improvement

Inconclusive (favorable)

Musculoskeletal Conditions

 Clubfoot

Not evaluated

1 RCT

MT

Nilgun, 2011 [28]

Low

29

Improvement

Inconclusive (favorable)

 Cuboid Syndrome

Not evaluated

1 OBS

MT

Jennings, 2005 [29]

Medium

2

Improvement

Inconclusive (unclear)

 Headache

Not evaluated for pediatrics

1 OBS

OMT

Przekop, 2016 [30]

Medium

83

Improvement

Inconclusive (unclear)

 Headache

Not evaluated for pediatrics

1 RCT

MT

Borusiak, 2010 [31]

Medium

52

No difference

Inconclusive (unclear)

 Headache

Not evaluated for pediatrics

1 OBS

CMT

Marchand, 2009 [32]

Low

13

Improvement

Inconclusive (unclear)

 Low Back Pain

Not evaluated

1 RCT

1 OBS

CMT

Evans, 2018 [33]

Hayden J, 2003 [36]

High Medium

185

54

Improvement

Improvement

Moderate (favorable)

 Low back pain

Not evaluated

1 OBS

1 RCT

MT

Walston, 2016 [34]

Selhorst, 2015 [35]

Medium

Medium

3

35

Improvement

No difference

Inconclusive (unclear)

 Pulled (Nursemaid’s) Elbow

Not evaluated

2 RCT

MT

Garcia-Mata, 2014 [37]

Bek, 2009 [38]

Medium

Medium

115

66

Improvement

Improvement

Moderate (favorable)

 Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction

Not evaluated for pediatrics

1 RCT

OMT

Monaco, 2008 [39]

Low

28

Improvement

Inconclusive (favorable)

Respiratory Conditions

 Asthma

Not evaluated for pediatrics

1 RCT

OMT

Guiney, 2005 [40]

Medium

140

Improvement

Inconclusive (favorable)

 Asthma

Not evaluated for pediatrics

1 RCT

CMT

Bronfort, 2001 [41]

High

34

No improvement

Inconclusive (unclear)

 Obstructive apnea

Not evaluated

1 RCT

OMT

Vandenplas, 2008 [42]

Medium

34

Improvement

Inconclusive (favorable)

 Otitis Media

Inconclusive/ unclear

3 RCT

1 OBS

OMT

Steele, 2014 [43]

Wahl, 2008 [44]

Degenhardt, 2006 [45]

Mills, 2003 [47]

Medium

High

Medium

High

34

90

8

57

Improvement

No difference

Improvement

Improvement

Inconclusive (favorable)

 Otitis Media

Not evaluated

1 OBS

CMT

Zhang, 2004 [46]

Medium

22

Improvement

Inconclusive (unclear)

Special Needs

 ADHD

Inconclusive/ unclear

1 RCT

OMT

Accorsi, 2014 [48]

High

28

Improvement

Inconclusive (favorable)

 Autism

Not evaluated

1 OBS

VOMT

Bramati-Castellarian, 2016 [49]

Medium

49

Improvement

Inconclusive (unclear)

Not evaluated

1 RCT

CMT

Khorshid, 2006 [50]

Low

14

Improvement

Inconclusive (favorable)

 Cerebral Palsy

Inconclusive/ unclear

3 RCT

OMT

Wyatt, 2011 [51]

Duncan, 2008 [53]

Duncan, 2004 [52]

High

High

Low

142

55

50

No improvement

Improvement

Improvement

Inconclusive (unclear)

 Preterm infants

Inconclusive/ unclear

4 RCT

OMT/CST

Raith, 2015 [54]

Cerretelli, 2015 [55]

Pizzolorusso, 2014 [56]

Cerretelli, 2013 [57]

High

High

High

High

30

695

110

110

No difference Improvement

Improvement

Improvement

Inconclusive/unclear for general movement Moderate (favorable) length of stay and hospital costs

Structural Conditions

 Cranial asymmetry

Not evaluated

1 RCT

MT/CST

Cabrera-Martos, 2016 [58]

High

46

Improvement

Inconclusive (favorable)

Not evaluated

1 OBS

OMT

Lessard, 2011 [59]

Medium

12

Improvement

Inconclusive (unclear)

 Postural Asymmetry

Not evaluated

1 RCT

OMT/CST

Phillippi, 2006 [60]

High

32

Improvement

Inconclusive (favorable)

 Scoliosis

Not evaluated

1 RCT

3 OBS

CMT

Byun, 2016 [61]

Rowe, 2006 [62]

Morningstar, 2004 [63]

Lantz, 2001 [64]

Medium

High

Low

Medium

5

6

6

42

Improvement

No difference

Improvement

No improvement

Inconclusive (unclear)

 Scoliosis

Not evaluated

1 RCT

OMT

Hasler, 2010 [65]

High

20

No improvement

Inconclusive (unfavorable)

 Torticollis

Not evaluated

1 RCT

MT

Haugen, 2011 [66]

Medium

32

No difference

Inconclusive (unfavorable)

 Upper cervical dysfunction

Not evaluated

1 OBS

MT

Saedt, 2017 [67]

High

307

Improvement

Inconclusive (unclear)