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Table 1 Scientific name, family, parts used, local name, traditional use and voucher specimen number of species under study

From: Free radical scavenging, α-glucosidase inhibitory and lipase inhibitory activities of eighteen Sudanese medicinal plants

No.

Scientific name

Family

Parts used

Local name (Sudanese accent)

Traditional use

Voucher specimen no.

1

Abrus precatorius L.

Fabaceae

Seeds

Habbat Al-Arus

Used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, sterility, inflammation of the eye, headache, and as a laxative, purgative, anti-cough, emetic, demulcent, and as an agent in water purification [10].

MAPRI-H.G.117/83

2

Acacia nilotica L.

Fabaceae

Pods

Garad, Sunt

Used in the treatment of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cough and as a gargle for tonsillitis [10, 48].

MAPRI-H.G.112/83

3

Blepharis linariifolia Pers.

Acanthaceae

Whole plant

Al-Bighail; Shoak Al-Dhab, and Siha

Used in the treatment of urinary disorders (Kidney stones), as a general tonic, and for stomach pain [49].

MAPRI-H.M.138/77

4

Boswellia papyrifera (Del.) Hochst.

Burseraceae

Gum

Tarag tarag, Shagar El-luban

Used in the treatment of dysentery, upper respiratory tract infections, and as an ingredient of a special Sudanese incense [17, 50].

MAPRI-H.K.12/96

5

Cephaelis ipecacuanha (Brot.) A.Rich

Rubiaceae

Roots

Irg Al-dahab

Used in the treatment of dysentery and as an emetic [51].

MAPRI-H.K.19/53

6

Citrullus colocynthis L.

Cucurbitaceae

Seeds

Handal

Used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, gonorrhea, anti-rheumatic, and against scabies. It is also used for making tar (qutran), against moth, lice, and as anti-scorpion stings and anti-snake bite [10, 17].

MAPRI-H.O.5/78

7

Cordia sinensis Lam.

Boraginaceae

Leaves

Andrab

Used in the treatment of diabetes, wound, high fever and as antitumor [52, 53].

MAPRI-H.O.22/78

8

Cymbopogon proximus (Hochst. ex A. Rich) Stapf.

Poaceae

Whole plant

Mahareb

Used in the treatment of kidney infections, diabetes, gout, renal colic, prostatic enlargement. It also used as carminative, antispasmodic, and diuretic [17, 54].

MAPRI-H.12.78

9

Cyperus rotundus L.

Cyperaceae

Roots

Si’da

Used in the treatment of diabetes, abdominal pain, diarrhea, as anthelmintic, astringent, and aromatic [55].

MAPRI-H.ABU.H.16/94

10

Geigeria alata DC.

Asteraceae

Aerial parts

El Gadgad

Used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, antihypertensive, and intestinal complaints, and cough. It is also used as antispasmodic [42, 56].

MAPRI-H.G.61/93

11

Martynia annua L.

Martyniaceae

Mature Fruit

Gara Gebei

Used as anthelmintic, antibacterial, analgesic, anti-venom, antipyretic, anti-convulsion, antidiabetic and for wound healing [41].

MAPRI-H.Y.22/14

12

Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.

Poaceae

Grains

Dukhun

Used in the treatment of rheumatism and as a food additive [10, 57].

MAPRI-H.Y.53/010

13

Ruta graveolens L.

Rutaceae

Fruit

Sathab

Used in the treatment of rheumatic pains [10].

MAPRI-H.Y.7/012

14

Solenostemma argel Del.

Apocynaceae

Leaves

Harjal

Used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, epigastric pain, joints affections, fever, common cold, headache, loin pain, puerperal fever, nausea, indigestion. Its beverage is used as laxative, purgative, carminative, and anti-spasmodic [10, 17, 58].

MAPRI-H.O.12/78

15

Tinospora bakis Miers

Menispermaceae

Roots

Erg El-Haggar

Used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, headache, and abdominal pain. [48, 59].

MAPRI-H.M.30/76

16

Trigonella foenum-graceum L.

Fabaceae

Seeds

Hilba

Used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, abdominal disorders, dysentery, and, as anti-spasmodic, antidiarrheal, anti-amoeba. It is also used as a food additive and to increase secretion of milk for lactating mothers [17, 60].

MAPRI-H.Y.6/005

17

Vangueria madagascariensis J.F.Gmel.

Rubiaceae

Fruit

El-Kirkir

Used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and bacterial infections [61].

MAPRI-H.W.45/95

18

Ziziphus spina-christi L.

Rhamnaceae

Roots

Sidir

Used in the treatment of gonorrhea, fever, as anti-spasmodic and anti-purgative [17, 62].

MAPRI-H.Y.4/010