Table 2 Proportions and odds of CAM use among adults with and without comorbidities

Age Group

6.69, p < 0.001

14.04, p = 0.003

  < 35 (ref)

349(28.3)

156(26.9)

1.00

–

1.00

–

 35–49

887(29.9)

473(27.7)

1.12[0.89,1.39]

0.331

1.04[0.83,1.30]

0.729

 50–64

1740(31.6)

1108(31.0)

1.07[0.86,1.32]

0.548

1.21[0.98,1.49]

0.083

  > 64

1607(27.6)

1042(27.4)

0.94[0.75,1.18]

0.529

1.10[0.88,1.37]

0.417

Sex

3.28, p = 0.071

2.29, p = 0.130

 Male (ref)

1999(28.7)

1219(28.0)

1.00

–

1.00

–

 Female

2584(30.2)

1560(29.4)

1.25[1.11,1.42]

< 0.001

1.29[1.17,1.42]

< 0.001

Race and Ethnicity

79.11, p < 0.001

161.97, p < 0.001

 Non-Hispanic White (ref)

3857(32.9)

2307(32.0)

1.00

–

1.00

–

 Non-Hispanic Black/African American

460(16.4)

320(17.2)

0.46[0.37,0.56]

< 0.001

0.52[0.45,0.60]

< 0.001

 Alaska Natives/American Indians

39(25.2)

24(22.4)

0.98[0.52,1.85]

0.949

0.64[0.40,1.02]

0.058

 Non-Hispanic Other

227(25.6)

128(25.8)

0.61[0.47,0.78]

< 0.001

0.75[0.60,0.94]

0.012

Education Level

111.49, p < 0.001

132.62, p < 0.001

 Less than High School (ref)

533(18.8)

369(19.1)

1.00

–

1.00

–

 High School Graduate/Some College

2696(30.0)

1694(29.6)

1.80[1.48,2.19]

< 0.001

1.53[1.34,1.74]

< 0.001

 College/Professional Graduate

1354(36.5)

716(35.3)

2.12[1.70,2.65]

< 0.001

1.78[1.51,2.09]

< 0.001

Marital Status

12.49, p < 0.001

16.36, p < 0.001

 Married (ref)

2550(31.2)

1533(30.2)

1.00

–

1.00

–

 Widowed/Divorced

1465(28.3)

919(28.0)

1.04[0.90,1.21]

0.589

1.02[0.92,1.15]

0.666

 Single/Never Married

568(25.9)

327(24.8)

0.96[0.79,1.16]

0.681

0.92[0.79,1.07]

0.291

Family Income

38.48, p < 0.001

97.68, p < 0.001

  < $20,000 (ref)

1652(24.7)

1097(24.6)

1.00

–

1.00

–

 $20,000–$34,999

613(29.0)

367(27.3)

1.12[0.93,1.36]

0.245

0.98[0.85,1.14]

0.838

 $35,000–$49,999

801(34.3)

483(34.3)

1.21[1.00,1.46]

0.044

1.30[1.12,1.50]

< 0.001

 $50,000–$74,999

1255(36.2)

675(35.1)

1.21[1.01,1.46]

0.040

1.25[1.08,1.44]

0.003

 $75,000+

262(28.6)

157(29.1)

1.01[0.78,1.32]

0.931

1.14[0.93,1.41]

0.208

Health Insurance Coverage

4.31, p = 0.039

0.05, p = 0.816

 Yes

4107(29.8)

2489(28.8)

1.05[0.85,1.29]

0.674

0.84[0.71,0.99]

0.041

 No (ref)

476(27.2)

290(28.4)

1.00

–

1.00

–

Regular Source of Care

9.36, p = 0.002

7.02, p = 0.008

 Yes

4256(29.9)

2624(29.0)

1.06[0.86,1.31]

0.596

1.09[0.88,1.35]

0.424

 No (ref)

327(25.3)

155(24.1)

1.00

–

1.00

–

Geographic Region

33.08, p < 0.001

157.90, p < 0.001

 Northeast (ref)

702(27.3)

389(25.0)

1.00

–

1.00

–

 Midwest

1140(35.6)

723(35.8)

1.21[1.00,1.46]

0.046

1.64[1.41,1.90]

< 0.001

 South

1441(24.1)

895(23.1)

0.91[0.76,1.08]

0.268

1.03[0.89,1.19]

0.681

 West

1300(34.4)

772(34.6)

1.21[1.01,1.45]

0.037

1.61[1.38,1.87]

< 0.001

Hypercholesterolemia

45.22, p < 0.001

13.64, p < 0.001

 Yes

2995(31.5)

2105(29.7)

 No

1588(26.4)

674(25.9)

Hypertension

27.19, p < 0.001

0.33, p = 0.566

 Yes

3210(28.3)

2357(28.6)

 No

1373(32.7)

422(29.4)

Diabetes

41.12, p < 0.001

25.62, p < 0.001

 Yes

877(25.0)

814(25.4)

 No

3706(30.8)

1965(30.4)

Body Mass Index

12.01, p < 0.001

22.60, p < 0.001

  < 18.5 (Underweight)

158(1.0)

67(19.8)

 18.5–24.9 (Normal)

1092(7.0)

338(25.6)

 25.0–29.9 (Overweight)

1669(10.7)

712(29.6)

 30.0+ (Obese)

1664(10.8)

1662(29.6)