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Table 1 Details of the 26 included studies

From: Paediatric massage for treatment of acute diarrhoea in children: a meta-analysis

Study

Sample size

Age

Course of disease

Intervention group

General classification of the massage therapy

Control group

Cheng (2014)

72 (36/36)

1.9 ± 0.5 y

3.6 ± 1.1 d

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

(1) montmorillonite (2) combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium 3 d

Du (2009)

100 (52/48)

19 ± 5 m

1.2 ± 0.5 d

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

montmorillonite 3 d

Gao (2005)

60 (30/30)

18 ± 6 m

17 ± 6.5 m

1.3 ± 0.5 d

1.2 ± 0.6 d

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

(1) montmorillonite (2) combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium 3 d

Leng (2011)

26 (20/6)

3 m to 5 y

≤1w

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

montmorillonite 3 d

Li K (2013)

61 (30/31)

<  3 y

<  2 w

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

(1) Cangling antidiarrhea oral solution (2) montmorillonite (3) bifidobacterium 3 d

Li X (2015)

176 (87/89)

2 m to 3 y

1.5 m to 2 y and 11 m

<  2 w

massage 5 d

IMT

montmorillonite 5 d

Ma (2016)

80 (40/40)

3 m to 4 y

<  1 w

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

montmorillonite 3 d

Ni (2018)

70 (35/35)

1.67 ± 1.41 y

1.64 ± 1.39 y

3.16 ± 0.82 d

3.19 ± 0.87 d

massage 7 d

BMT + PSAP

norfloxacin 7d

Peng (2011)

240 (180/60)

3 m to 5 y

2.81 ± 1.61 d

2.78 ± 1.39 d

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

montmorillonite 3 d

Shao (2006)

120 (68/52)

18 ± 6 m

17 ± 6 m

1.3 ± 0.5 d

1.2 ± 0.6 d

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

montmorillonite 3 d

Tang (2014)

135 (67/68)

1.84 ± 0.33 y

1.87 ± 0.37 y

6.84 ± 2.21 d

6.58 ± 2.13 d

massage

BMT + PSAP

montmorillonite

Tao (2015)

60 (30/30)

2.03 ± 1.21 y

2.30 ± 1.16 y

2.81 ± 1.31 d

2.70 ± 1.20 d

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

(1) montmorillonite (2) clostridium butyricum 3 d

Wang (2004)

88 (48/40)

6 m to 3 y

all were acute diarrhea

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

(1) intravenous drip ribavirin (2) montmorillonite (3) lactobacillus 3 d

Wang (2014)

86 (43/43)

1.75 ± 0.37 y

1.25 ± 0.14 y

3.47 ± 0.34 d

3.41 ± 0.24 d

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

(1) norfloxacin (2) ciprofloxacin 5 d

Yang (2016)

80 (40/40)

1.60 ± 0.72 y

1.81 ± 0.68 y

<  1 w

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

montmorillonite 3 d

Yang (2013)

69 (36/33)

6 m to 3 y

6 m to 3.5 y

1–5 d

1–6 d

massage 6 d

BMT + PSAP

(1) montmorillonite (2) combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium (3) bifidobacterium 6 d

Yin (2000)

50 (30/20)

<  3 y

<  3 d

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

montmorillonite 3 d

Yin (2009)

315 (190/125)

2 m to 5 y

<  48 h

massage 3 d

IMT

montmorillonite 3 d

You (2013)

55 (32/23)

11.55 ± 4.68 m

10.58 ± 5.05 m

3.25 ± 1.06 d

3.39 ± 1.15 d

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

montmorillonite 3 d

Zhang (2016)

180 (90/90)

2.41 ± 1.6 y

2.5 ± 1.2 y

2.8 ± 1.4 d

2.9 ± 1.2 d

massage 6 d

BMT + PSAP

(1) montmorillonite (2) bifidobacterium 6 d

Zhang (2011)

64 (32/32)

<  3 y

1 to 3 d

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

(1) probiotics (2) mucosal protection 3 d

Zhao (2016)

80 (40/40)

3.1 ± 0.6 y

3.3 ± 0.7 y

14.2 ± 2.1 h

13.2 ± 1.7 h

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

(1) enterococcus faecium (2) bifidobacterium (3) montmorillonite 3 d

Zhu (2004)

90 (60/30)

<  3 y

≤3 d

massage 3 d

BMT + PSAP

montmorillonite 3 d

Li G (2013)

120 (60/60)

1.5 ± 0.3 y

<  3 d

massage + acupuncture 3 d

IMT + Acupuncture

montmorillonite 3 d

Wang (2003)

99 (52/47)

1.7 ± 1.1 y

1.8 ± 1.2 y

<  3 d

massage + acupuncture 3 d

BMT + IMT + Acupuncture

montmorillonite 3 d

Wei (2016)

68 (34/34)

12.6 ± 5.7 m

11.9 ± 5.3 m

3.1 ± 0.3 d

3.2 ± 0.4 d

massage + acupuncture 7 d

BMT + IMT + Acupuncture

combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium 7 d

  1. y: years; m: months; w weeks; d days; h hours; BMT Basic massage treatment; PSAP Pressing some acupuncture points; IMT Individual massage treatment