Induction of programmed cell death in Trypanosoma cruzi by Lippia alba essential oils and their major and synergistic terpenes (citral, limonene and caryophyllene oxide)

Table 6 Pharmacological interactions among terpenes derived from L. alba

Parasitic Form	Limonene + Compound	ΣFIC^f μg/mL ± SD^g	Pharmacological interaction
Epi^a	CarOx^d	0.5 ± 0.13	Synergism
	Carvone	1.1 ± 0.08	Antagonism
	Citral	0.7 ± 0.13	Synergism
	BNZ^e	0.4 ± 0.13	Synergism
Tryp^b	CarOx^d	0.4 ± 0.10	Synergism
	Carvone	1.04 ± 0.04	Antagonism
	Citral	0.6 ± 0.10	Synergism
	BNZ^e	0.4 ± 0.10	Synergism
Amas^c	CarOx^d	0.7 ± 0.23	Synergism
	Carvone	ND^h	ND^h
	Citral	0.8 ± 0.15	Synergism
	BNZ^e	0.6 ± 0.13	Synergism
Vero	CarOx^d	1.2 ± 0.16	Antagonism
	Carvone	1.0 ± 0.07	Additive
	Citral	1.0 ± 0.07	Antagonism
	BNZ^e	0.5 ± 0.18	Synergism

^aEpi Epimastigote, ^bTryp Trypomastigote, ^cAmas Amastigote, ^dCarOx Caryophyllene oxide, ^eBNZ Benznidazole, ^fFIC Fractional inhibitory concentration, ^gSD Standard deviation, ^hND Not determinated

ISSN: 2662-7671