Fig. 4

ISAg enhanced production of Th1-type cytokines in BMDCs. Flt3L-cultured BMDCs from Yet40 B6 mice were stimulated for 16 h using a vehicle or the indicated concentration of ISAg. As a positive control, BMDCs were treated with CpG (5 μg/mL). Subsequently, (a) the surface expression of CD86 and the production of (b) IL-12p40 (YFP), (c) intracellular IL-12p40, and (d) TNF-α were assessed in CD11c⁺ BMDCs using flow cytometry. The mean ± standard deviation values are presented (n = 3 per group; Student’s t-test; **P < 0.01)