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Table 1 Frequency, module, and meridian tropism of the top 10 internal and external medicinal herbs

From: Exploring the combination and modular characteristics of herbs for alopecia treatment in traditional Chinese medicine: an association rule mining and network analysis study

Internal/External

Medicinal Herb

Category

Frequency

Module

LR (肝)

HT (心)

PC (心包)

SP (脾)

LU (肺)

KI (腎)

GB (膽)

SI (小腸)

TE (三焦)

ST (胃)

LI (大腸)

BL (膀胱)

I&E

Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Dlels (當歸)

17

171 (I)

27 (E)

1

Y

Y

 

Y

        

I&E

Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (川芎)

12

132 (I)

32 (E)

1

Y

 

Y

   

Y

     

I

Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (何首烏)

17

175

1

Y

    

Y

      

I

Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. (Prepared) (熟地黃)

17

137

1

Y

    

Y

      

I

Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf (茯苓)

6

103

3

 

Y

 

Y

 

Y

      

I

Ligustrum lucidum Ait. (女貞子)

17

96

1

Y

    

Y

      

I

Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. (生地黄)

2

95

1

Y

Y

   

Y

      

I

Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (甘草)

8

90

3

            

I

Eclipta prostrata L. (旱蓮草)

17

89

1

Y

    

Y

      

I

Lycium barbarum L. (枸杞子)

17

88

1

Y

   

Y

Y

      

E

Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco (側柏葉)

11

51

1

Y

   

Y

     

Y

 

E

Angelica dahurica (Fisch. ex Hoffm.) Benth. et Hook.f. (白芷)

1

40

2

    

Y

    

Y

Y

 

E

Vitex trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham. (蔓荊子)

1

34

2

Y

        

Y

 

Y

E

Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. (附子)

7

29

2

 

Y

 

Y

 

Y

      

E

Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc. (蜀椒)

7

26

2

   

Y

Y

Y

   

Y

  

E

Carthamus tinctorius L. (紅花)

12

25

1

Y

Y

          

E

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (丹蔘)

12

25

1

Y

Y

Y

         

E

Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. (防風)

1

23

2

Y

  

Y

       

Y

  1. BL Bladder meridian, GB Gall bladder meridian, HT Heart meridian, KI Kidney meridian, LI Large intestine meridian, LR Liver meridian, LU Lung meridian, PC Pericardium meridian, SI Small intestine meridian, SP Spleen meridian, ST Stomach meridian, TE Triple energizer meridian
  2. Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Dlels (當歸) was the 2nd most commonly used medicinal herb in the internal medicines category and the 6th most commonly used in the external application category
  3. Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (川芎) was the 4th most commonly used medicinal herb in the internal medicines category and the 4th most commonly used in the external application category
  4. E, External application, I Internal Medicine, I&E Commonly used in external application and internal medicine
  5. Category of each medicinal herb: 1, Exterior-releasing medicinal (解表藥); 2, Heat-clearing medicinal (淸熱藥); 4, Wind-dampness dispelling medicinal (祛風濕藥); 5, Dampness-resolving medicinal (化濕藥); 6, Dampness-draining diuretic medicinal (利水滲濕藥); 7, Interior-warming medicinal (溫裏藥); 8, Qi-regulating medicinal (理氣藥); 9, Digestant medicinal (消食藥); 11, Hemostatic medicinal (止血藥); 12, Blood-activating and stasis-dispelling medicinal (活血祛瘀藥); 13, Cough-suppressing and panting-calming medicinal (止咳平喘藥); 14, Tranquillizing medicinal (安神藥); 15, Liver-pacifying medicinal (平肝藥); 17, Tonifying and replenishing medicinal (補益藥); 18, Astringent medicinal (收澁藥)