Prevalence of the potentially inappropriate Kampo medications to be used with caution among elderly patients taking any prescribed Kampo medications at a single centre in Japan: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Table 3 Prevalence of the use potentially inappropriate Kampo medications to be used with caution^a in elderly patients taking any prescribed Kampo medications

Characteristic	Total n = 80
Any potentially inappropriate Kampo medications to be used with caution, n (%)	23 (28.8)
Aconite for uncontrolled hypertension^b or tachyarrhythmia^c patients, n (%)	5 (6.3)
Glycyrrhizae radix for CKD patients or loop diuretic users, n (%)	16 (20.0)
Ephedra for uncontrolled hypertension^b, ischaemic heart disease, or dysuria patients, n (%)	1 (1.3)
Scutellaria baicalensis for interferon users or liver cirrhosis patients, n (%)	0 (0.0)
Long-term use^d of gardenia, n (%)	1 (1.3)

^aDefined based on the 2015 Japan Geriatrics Society guidelines
^bUncontrolled hypertension was defined as office systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg
^cTachyarrhythmia was defined as any arrhythmia that was controlled with antiarrhythmic medications
^dLong-term use was defined as use for more than 3 years

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