Fig. 1

Light microscopy of mouse livers. a Group I showing a schistosome egg surrounded by cellular infiltrate (arrows) next to bile ductal proliferation (H&E, ×1200 magnification). b Group I showing extensive fibrosis of the hepatic parenchyma with collagen fibres stained blue by Masson’s Trichrome (×1200). c Group I showing numerous schistosome eggs inside the portal vein (arrows) surrounded by inflammatory reactions and acute swelling of hepatic cells (asterik). H&E staining (×1200). d Group I showing extensive coagulative necrosis (asterisk) infiltrated by eosinophils in the hepatic parenchyma. H&E staining (×1200). e Group II showing apparently normal hepatic parenchyma. H&E staining (×1200). f Group III showing a few eggs with granuloma (arrow) surrounded by small granulomatous reactions with apparently normal hepatic parenchyma and small portal inflammatory reactions (thick arrow). H&E staining (×300). g Group IV showing a small granuloma (without an egg) containing minimal collagen deposits followed by normal hepatic parenchyma without inflammatory reactions in portal areas. H&E staining (×300). h A higher-power version of the Fig. 1g showing minimal collagen fibres and inflammatory cells without an egg in the granuloma. H&E staining (×1200). i) Group IV showing a degenerated egg surrounded by mild collagen fibres stained blue by Masson’s trichrome (×1200). j Group V showing scattered egg granulomata and inflammatory reactions in some portal areas. H&E staining (×300). k Group V showing moderate quantities of collagen fibres stained blue in the granuloma by Masson’s Trichrome (×1200). l Group VI showing small fibrocellular granulomata formed around a central dead egg and surrounded by lymphocytes, histiocytes, fibroblasts, and concentric collagen fibres (black arrow; H&E staining, ×200)