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Table 3 Modulatory effects of gallic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and their combinations on specific activities of the hepatic antioxidant enzymes and magnitude of peroxidative damage in mice

From: Polyphenols of Salix aegyptiaca modulate the activities of drug metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes, and level of lipid peroxidation

Groups→

Parameters

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Control

25 mg/kg acetylsalicylic acid

50 mg/kg acetylsalicylic acid

100 mg/kg gallic acid

100 mg/kg gallic acid + 25 mg/kg acetylsalicylic acid

100 mg/kg gallic acid + 50 mg/kg acetylsalicylic acid

SOD (μmole/mg protein)

4.831 ± 0.26

(100)

5.201 ± 0.29

(107.66)

5.710 ± 0.43

(118.19)

7.115 ± 0.47#

(147.77)

7.157 ± 0.22#£

(148.14)

7.675 ± 0.30§ǂ

(158.85)

CAT (μmole H2O2 consumed/min/mg protein)

20.175 ± 0.54

(100)

20.975 ± 1.30

(103.96)

22.875 ± 0.63

(113.38)

28.675 ± 1.18§

(142.13)

29.705 ± 0.26§£

(147.21)

37.325 ± 0.45§ȣɸ

(185.00)

GR (nmole of NADPH consumed/min/mg protein)

41.157 ± 1.87

(100)

44.748 ± 0.88

(108.72)

49.517 ± 2.18

(120.31)

59.164 ± 2.18§

(143.74)

60.450 ± 2.13§£

(146.87)

64.951 ± 2.36§ȣ

(157.81)

GPx (nmole of NADPH consumed/min/mg protein)

19.473 ± 1.47

(100)

20.349 ± 2.49

(104.49)

30.459 ± 1.59§

(156.41)

31.761 ± 1.16§

(163.09)

32.572 ± 1. 20§£

(167.26)

33.419 ± 1.71§

(171.61)

Peroxidative damage (nmole MDA formed/mg of protein)

1.029 ± 0.037

(100)

0.828 ± 0.048

(80.50)

0.782 ± 0.056*

(76.03)

0.680 ± 0.029§

(66.13)

0.559 ± 0.052§€

(54.31)

0.611 ± 0.0663§

(59.42)

  1. Gallic acid and acetylsalicylic acid were given alone and in combinations through oral gavage for two weeks at desired doses (milligrams of per kilogram of body weight) as mentioned in the table. Abbreviations: CAT catalase, SOD superoxide dismutase, GR glutathione reductase, GPx glutathione peroxidase, MDA malondialdehyde. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM of 5–6 animals. Values in parentheses are presented as percent of control.*(p < 0.05), #(p < 0.01) and §(p < 0.001) represent significant changes relative to control. €(p < 0.05) and £(p < 0.001) represent significant changes relative to 25 mg/kg body weight of acetylsalicylic acid. ǂ(p < 0.05) and ȣ(p < 0.001) represent significant changes relative to 50 mg/kg body weight of acetylsalicylic acid. ɸ(p < 0.001) represents significant changes relative to 100 mg/kg body weight of gallic acid