Efficacy and safety of curcumin and its combination with boswellic acid in osteoarthritis: a comparative, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Table 5 Within (columns) and between (lines) groups comparison of WOMAC Pain Index subscale

	Curamin mean ± SD	Placebo mean ± SD	Curamed mean ± SD	Intergroup comparison, mean difference or difference in rank sum$ and p values
	Curamin mean ± SD	Placebo mean ± SD	Curamed mean ± SD	Placebo vs Curamin	Placebo vs Curamed
Visit 1 Baseline^a	6.39 ± 3.47 N = 67	5.85 ± 3.25 N = 68	5.91 ± 2.77 N = 66	−0.53 P > 0.05	−0.06 P > 0.05
Visit 2^a	5.02 ± 3.46 N = 63	4.92 ± 3.09 N = 65	4.37 ± 2.88 N = 60	−0.08^$ P > 0.05	8.252^$ P > 0.05
Visit 3^a	4.49 ± 3.86 N = 61	5.22 ± 3.58 N = 59	3.84 ± 2.88 N = 58	0.73 P > 0.05	1.38 P > 0.05
Within group Comparison^b	P < 0.0001 N = 61	P < 0.003 N = 59	P < 0.0001 N = 58
Effect Size^a d _Cohen , g _Hedges	−0.519	−0.185	−0.734
Confidence interval	−0.872 − −0.166	−0.534 − 0.165	−1.098 − −0.369
Mean change from baseline to Visit 2^a	1.44 ± 1.98*** N = 63	0.89 ± 0.55** N = 65	1.47 ± 0.50*** N = 60	−0.55 P > 0.05	−0.02 −10.57^$ P > 0.05
Mean change from baseline to Visit 3^a	2.02 ± 2.93*** N = 61	0.69 ± 2.70 N = 59	1.86 ± 2.95*** N = 58	−1.32 P < 0.05	−1.167 P > 0.05

Within group comparison:
^aIntention to treat analysis of all patients - One sample matched-pair t-test or Wilcoxon non-parametric test, * - p < 0.05, ** - p < 0.01, *** - p < 0.001
^bPatients completed all tests – repeated measures ANOVA
Between groups comparison: One-way. Independent- measures ANOVA with post hoc Dunnett’s Multiple Comparison Test or Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc Dunns Test^$
Effect size for mean differences of groups with different sample size; http://www.psychometrica.de/effect_size.html#anova. Confidence Coefficient – 95%

ISSN: 2662-7671