Target | Pycnogenol® group (n) | Control group (n) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
MMP-1 | 11.61 ± 8.61 ng/mL (9) | 14.04 ± 6.93 ng/mL (12) | 0.47 |
MMP-3 | 7.06 ± 2.46 ng/mL (12) | 7.10 ± 2.72 ng/mL (13) | 0.96 |
MMP-13 | 0.23 ± 0.13 ng/mL (13) | 0.27 ± 0.18 ng/mL (14) | 0.51 |
CTX-II | 236.76 ± 168.08 pg/mL (12) | 428.90 ± 511.83 pg/mL (14) | 0.23 |
Helix-II | 0.90 ± 0.68 nmol/L (12) | 1.23 ± 1.19 nmol/L (15) | 0.57 |
sGAG | 356.89 ± 61.89 μg/mL (12) | 390.32 ± 53.81 μg/mL (15) | 0.19 |
ADAMTS-4 | 32.50 ± 33.26 ng/mL (9) | 22.55 ± 19.69 ng/mL (12) | 0.42 |
ADAMTS-5 | 12.58 ± 10.83 ng/mL (12) | 7.08 ± 4.28 ng/mL (15) | 0.12 |