Fig. 2

Gross examination of the ethanol intoxicated gastric mucosa tissue of rats orally pretreated with various test solutions. (A1) Rats pretreated with 2% Tween 80 (ulcer control). Severe lesions observed with extensive visible hemorrhagic necrosis of gastric mucosa. (B1) Rats pretreated with ranitidine (100 mg/kg, positive control). Moderate lesions of gastric mucosa were seen compared to the lesions in ulcer control group. (C1, D1, E1) Rats pretreated with low dose of 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 MMMC, respectively (15 mg/kg). Very moderate lesions were seen in group the D1 and E1. Meanwhile, group C1 shows mild lesions. (F1, G1, H1) Rats pretreated with 150 mg/kg of 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 MMMC respectively. Group F1 and G1 exhibit mild lesions when compared to the group treated with 2% Tween 80. Very moderate lesion was formed in group H1. (I1, J1, K1) Rats pretreated with high dose of 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 MMMC (300 mg/kg). Very moderate lesion was seen in group K1. Meanwhile, group I1 and J1 shows a very mild lesion, which indicates highly protection of the extract against gastric ulcers