Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of solvent fractions of the leaves of Moringa stenopetala Bak. (Moringaceae) in mice models

Table 5 Effects of the chloroform and methanol fractions of Moringa stenopetala on carrageenan- induced paw edema and percent inhibition from increase in paw volume

	Change in paw volume (ml) and percent inhibition (%)
Group	0 h	1 h	%	2 h	%	3 h	%	4 h	%	5 h	%
TE	0.43 ± 0.01	0.57 ± 0.01	–	0.73 ± 0.01	–	0.76 ± 0.01	–	0.81 ± 0.02	–	0.88 ± 0.04	–
ASA	0.42 ± 0.01	0.51 ± 0.02^a3c1d1	36.1	0.53 ± 0.01^a3c3d3g3	63.9	0.58 ± 0.02^a3c3d3h1	50.8	0.64 ± 0.01^a3c3d3g3	42.6	0.67 ± 0.01^a3c3d3g3	45.3
CF 100	0.43 ± 0.01	0.57 ± 0.01	4.5	0.68 ± 0.01	15.1	0.72 ± 0.03	11.4	0.79 ± 0.01	4.8	0.85 ± 0.01	6.3
CF 200	0.44 ± 0.01	0.56 ± 0.01	7.7	0.67 ± 0.01	18.2	0.72 ± 0.02	12.9	0.78 ± 0.02	9.5	0.85 ± 0.01	9.2
CF 400	0.45 ± 0.01	0.58 ± 0.01	2.3	0.67 ± 0.01^a1h3	24.4	0.70 ± 0.01^a1h1	22.8	0.76 ± 0.01^a2f1h3	18.0	0.80 ± 0.01^a3h3	20.8
MF 100	0.42 ± 0.01	0.54 ± 0.01	11.3	0.63 ± 0.02^a3h1	26.8	0.67 ± 0.01^a3b3	24.0	0.71 ± 0.01^a3h1	22.8	0.76 ± 0.01^a3h2	23.4
MF 200	0.45 ± 0.01	0.57 ± 0.01	3.8	0.64 ± 0.01^a3h2	33.0	0.69 ± 0.01^a2b3	25.2	0.73 ± 0.01^a3h2	25.4	0.78 ± 0.01^a3h3	26.3
MF 400	0.44 ± 0.01	0.54 ± 0.02	21.8	0.58 ± 0.01^a3	52.2	0.64 ± 0.02^a3b1	37.2	0.68 ± 0.03^a3e3	36.8	0.71 ± 0.01^a3	39.7

Values are expressed as Mean ± S.E.M (n = 6); ^aagainst the control, ^bagainst the standard drug, ^cagainst CF100, ^dagainst CF200, ^eagainst CF400, ^fagainst MF 100, ^gagainst MF 200, ^hagainst MF 400. ¹ P < 0.05, ² P < 0.01, ³ P < 0.001; TE tween 80, ASA: aspirin, CF and MF refers to chloroform and methanol fractions of Moringa stenopetala respectively; control received 2% Tween 80, 10 ml/kg, whereas:ASA, standard received Aspirin 100 mg/kg orally; Numbers refer to dose in mg/kg

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