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Table 1 Summary of the highest bioactive concentrations found in human plasma compared to the highest non-cytotoxic ones detected in the herein reported in vitro study

From: Is cytotoxicity a determinant of the different in vitro and in vivo effects of bioactives?

Bioactive

Highest concentration found in vivo

Highest non-cytotoxic concentration observed in vitro (24 h exposure)

Highest non-cytotoxic concentration observed in vitro (48 h exposure)

DHA

200 μM [11,12,13,14]

80 μM

60 μM

PRO

10 μM (systemic circulation) [19,20,21,22]; ≈200 μM (portal circulation) [23]

70 μM

70 μM

C3G

140 nM [25,26,27,28,29]

140 nM

140 nM

PCA

10 μM [25, 28, 30,31,32]

20 μM

20 μM