Fig. 1From: Association of lumbar spine stiffness and flexion-relaxation phenomenon with patient-reported outcomes in adults with chronic low back pain – a single-arm clinical trial investigating the effects of thrust spinal manipulationStudy CONSORT flow diagram. FR: flexion relaxation; Palp. Stiff: had palpation stiffness assessment; Hand Stiff: hand-held device stiffness assessment; Auto Stiff: automated indenter stiffness assessment; Eq. not ready: equipment upgrade was needed for an unexpected safety concern, not ready for testingBack to article page