Antibacterial and anticancer activities of acetone extracts from in vitro cultured lichen-forming fungi

Table 1 Mean diameter of zone of growth inhibition (mm) caused by each extract

	Medium^a	Bacillus subtilis	Staphylococcus aureus	Enterococcus faecalis	Staphylococcus epidermidis	Klebsiella pneumoniae	Escherichia coli	Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Protoparmeliopsis muralis	PDA	6.00 ± 1.41^d	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
	MY	15.33 ± 1.15	12.00 ± 1.00	5.67 ± 0.58	19.67 ± 1.53	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
	G-LBM	15.50 ± 0.58	15.67 ± 0.58	9.25 ± 1.26	19.67 ± 0.58	n.d.	5.67 ± 1.15	5.67 ± 1.15
	G-LBM+	15.50 ± 0.58	16.67 ± 1.53	11.50 ± 1.91	21.33 ± 1.53	5.67 ± 1.15	6.33 ± 1.15	5.67 ± 1.15
	Pm thallus^b	11.75 ± 0.5	8.00 ± 1.00	10.50 ± 0.58	15.67 ± 1.15	n.d.	5.67 ± 1.15	n.d.
Xanthoria parietina	PDA	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
	MY	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	5.67 ± 1.15	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
	G-LBM	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	5.67 ± 1.15	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
	G-LBM+	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
	Xp thallus^b	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	5.67 ± 1.15	n.d.
Caloplaca pusilla	PDA	5.25 ± 0.50	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
	MY	5.25 ± 0.50	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	5.67 ± 1.15	n.d.
	Cp thallus^b	6.50 ± 1.00	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	5.67 ± 1.15	n.d.
	NET30^c	23.33 ± 0.58	17.00 ± 1.00	14.75 ± 2.06	18 ± 1.00	17.67 ± 2.08	18.00 ± 1.00	23.00 ± 2.00

^aThe mycelia were cultured on G-LBM, modified G-LBM with a higher concentration of biotine of 80 μg L⁻¹ (G-LBM+), Potato-Dextrose Agar (PDA) and malt extract-yeast extract medium (MY) [18]. Standard deviations are added
^bCp-Caloplaca pusilla, Pm- Protoparmeliopsis muralis, Xp-Xanthoria parietina
^cThe antibiotic Netilmycine 30 (NET30) was used as the control
^dThe experiments were performed at least in triplicate. n.d.-not determined

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