Variables | Assessment schedule | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
−5 min | 0 | +7 min | +14 min | +20 min | +27 min | |
Baseline (Reference)a | Needle insertiona | During needle retentiona | Needle removala | Finala | ||
Heart rate variability (HRV) | ||||||
NN (s) | 0.89 (0.81, 0.96) | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.03) | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.01) | −0.01 (−0.04, 0.01) | −0.02 (−0.04, 0.01) | −0.02* (−0.05, −0.00) |
SDNN (ms) | 60.89 (49.54, 72.24) | 2.97 (−5.84, 11.78) | 0.82 (−7.98, 9.63) | 3.22 (−5.59, 12.02) | 1.41 (−7.40, 10.22) | 4.26 (−4.54, 13.07) |
RMSSD (ms) | 41.51 (28.39, 54.63) | 0.76 (−4.56, 6.09) | −2.21 (−7.53, 3.12) | −1.44 (−6.76, 3.88) | −3.15 (−8.47, 2.17) | −3.19 (−8.51, 2.13) |
TF (ms2) | 1407.53 (816.28, 1998.78) | −190.15 (−617.85, 237.55) | −91.18 (−518.88, 336.52) | −69.81 (−497.51, 357.89) | −13.75 (−441.45, 413.96) | 26.67 (−401.03, 454.37) |
LF (ms2) | 432.39 (246.02, 618.75) | −54.68 (−203.00, 93.64) | −45.23 (−193.55, 103.09) | −45.86 (−194.18, 102.45) | −12.04 (−160.36, 136.27) | 77.89 (−70.42, 226.21) |
HF (ms2) | 256.67 (25.13, 488.20) | −17.95 (−110.86, 74.96) | −42.69 (−135.60, 50.22) | −62.72 (−155.63, 30.18) | −68.12 (−161.03, 24.79) | −97.81* (−190.71, −4.90) |
nLF (%) | 53.03 (43.27, 62.79) | −2.90 (−11.14, 5.34) | 5.01 (−3.23, 13.25) | 4.26 (−3.97, 12.50) | 7.10 (−1.13, 15.34) | 9.50* (1.26, 17.74) |
nHF (%) | 43.72 (34.52, 52.93) | 2.39 (−5.43, 10.21) | −5.11 (−12.92, 2.71) | −4.31 (−12.13, 3.51) | −7.23 (−15.05, 0.58) | −9.40* (−17.22, −1.58) |
LF/HF | 2.03 (1.08, 2.98) | −0.37 (−1.34, 0.60) | 0.29 (−0.67, 1.26) | 0.13 (−0.84, 1.09) | 0.14 (−0.83, 1.10) | 0.98* (0.02, 1.95) |
Respiration | ||||||
Respiratory rate (bpm) | 14.49 (10.94, 18.04) | 0.11 (−1.05, 1.27) | 0.43 (−0.74, 1.59) | −0.21 (−1.37, 0.96) | 0.22 (−0.94, 1.38) | −0.15 (−1.31, 1.02) |
PPG signals | ||||||
Amplitude (V) | 0.38 (0.29, 0.47) | −0.01 (−0.05, 0.03) | 0.02 (−0.02, 0.06) | 0.02 (−0.02, 0.06) | 0.01 (−0.03, 0.05) | 0.03 (−0.01, 0.07) |
Systolic area (Vs) | 94.50 (71.11, 117.90) | 0.18 (−9.25, 9.61) | 8.17 (−1.26, 17.60) | 8.73 (−0.70, 18.16) | 7.26 (−2.17, 116.69) | 12.00** (2.57, 21.43) |
ICG signals | ||||||
Cardiac output (ml/min) | 7107.78 (2142.10,12,073.47) | −182.77 (−1218.29, 852.76) | −395.31 (−1430.84, 640.21) | −509.858 (−1545.39, 525.67) | −261.268 (−1296.80, 774.26) | −239.630 (−1275.16, 795.90) |
Stroke volume (ml) | 105.659 (16.99, 194.32) | −5.084 (−21.76, 11.60) | −8.855 (−25.54, 7.83) | −10.239 (−26.92, 6.44) | −11.781 (−28.46, 4.90) | −11.699 (−28.38, 4.98) |