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Fig. 4 | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Fig. 4

From: Characterization and mechanisms of anti-influenza virus metabolites isolated from the Vietnamese medicinal plant Polygonum chinense

Fig. 4

Time-of-addition of the PC compounds. Mock (0.1% DMSO) or increasing concentrations of PC5 (a), PC7 (b) or PC8 (c) were applied to MDCK cells for 2 h before (pre-treatment), during (co-treatment) or after (post-treatment) PR8 infection (40 PFU per well in 48-well plates) at 37 °C. Cells were washed with PBS and additionally incubated under the overlay medium for 3 days at 33 °C. The number of plaques was counted after staining with crystal violet. The values shown are the means ± S.D. of triplicate samples and expressed as a percentage relative to the plaque number with mock solution in each experiment. *P < 0.05

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