Table 1 The IC50 values of ESG, rosmarinic acid (RA), astilbin (AS), and the positive controls
Assays | ESG μg/mL | RA μg/mL (μM) | AS μg/mL (μM) | Positive controls | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trolox μg/mL (μM) | BHA μg/mL (μM) | ||||
DNA protective effect | 79.9 ± 10.4 | 44.9 ± 8.9 (126.7 ± 23.1b) | 70.9 ± 1.6 (193.3 ± 5.8c) | 85.0 ± 21.3 (85.0 ± 21.3a) | 67.8 ± 12.4 (376.3 ± 69.2d) |
•OH scavenging | 109.5 ± 4.5 | 100.7 ± 0.9 (280.0 ± 1.0b) | 97.9 ± 5.5 (220.0 ± 10.0a) | 110.0 ± 4.6 (441.0 ± 20.1d) | 63.3 ± 7.8 (353.3 ± 41.6c) |
•O2− scavenging | 140.8 ± 3.1 | 18.4 ± 0.4 (50 ± 0.4a) | 132.8 ± 3.4b (295.0 ± 7.5b) | 167.3 ± 11.1 (668.3 ± 40.2c) | 146.6 ± 4.4 (813.0 ± 24.0d) |
FRAP | 24.9 ± 1.0 | 7.1 ± 1.2 (19.6 ± 3.2b) | 5.4 ± 0.2 (12.0 ± 0.4a) | 6.9 ± 0.3 (27.6 ± 1.2c) | 4.4 ± 0.2 (24.0 ± 1.1c) |
ABTS+• scavenging | 12.1 ± 1.8 | 6.8 ± 0.4 (18.7 ± 2.1b) | 5.0 ± 0.7 (11.1 ± 1.7a) | 7.2 ± 0.1 (29.0 ± 0.1c) | 5.9 ± 0.1 (33.3 ± 0.1c) |
DPPH• scavenging | 48.6 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.1 (4.0 ± 0.1a) | 8.7 ± 0.2 (19.7 ± 5.8d) | 1.5 ± 0.1 (6.2 ± 0.1b) | 1.9 ± 0.1 (10.8 ± 0.3c) |
Fe2+ chelating | 134.2 ± 15.6 | 128.1 ± 10.4 (355.7 ± 29.1b) | 218.8 ± 11.0 (485.0 ± 21.2c) | 63.9 ± 4.4 (217.3 ± 15.3a)d | ND |