Fig. 7
Evaluation of dual activities and beta-cell protective effects of three flavonoids. To explore the activity relationship between YMS-EA and three flavonoids, we repeated following experiments by using three flavonoids (μM). a H2O2- induced cell death. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 6). ***p < 0.001 versus the None group. b AGE formation assay. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 3). ***p < 0.001 versus the None group. c Methylglyoxal- induced cell death. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 12). *p < 0.05 and ***p < 0.001 versus the None group. d AGEs inhibited cell proliferation assay. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 8). ***p < 0.001 versus the None group. e Glucose stimulated insulin secretion of hyperglycemia damaged cells. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 6). **p < 0.01 versus the 1.1 mM glucose group-under the same culture condition. ap < 0.05 and cp < 0.001 versus the corresponding condition of None (30 mM Glucose) group