Table 1 Information on plant used in the present study

APOCYNACEAE/Alstonia boonei De Wild – 43368/HNC

Fever, painful micturition, insomnia, chronic diarrhea, rheumatic pains, anti-venom (snake bites), malaria, diabetes, helminths, arthritis [28, 29].

Leaves, bark

Echitamine, echitamidine, Voacangine, akuammidine, N- α-formylechitamidine, N- α-formyl-12-methoxyechitamidine [29].

Antimalarial, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic [30–32].

APOCYNACEAE/Catharanthus roseus L. – 5689/HNC.

Bleeding arresting, diabetes, fever, rheumatism, cancer [20, 33].

Leaves, stem

Vincristine, vinblastine, benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, salicylic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, vanillic acid, chlorogenic acid, kaemferol trisaccharides, Quercetin trisaccharides, Syringetin glycosides [20, 34].

Wound-healing, antimicrobial, hypoglycemic, antioxidant [18, 20, 33].

ASTERACEAE/Ageratum conyzoïdes Linn. – 19050/SFR-Cam

Purgative, fever, ulcers, wound, mental, infectious diseases, headaches, anti-inflammatory, diarrhea [35, 36].

Whole plant

β-caryophyllene, precocene I, friedelin, Lycopsamine, echinatine,β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, 5-methoxynobiletin, linderoflavone B, eupalestin, sabinene, α and β pinene, β-phellandrene, 1,8-cineole and limonene, ocimene, eugenol [35].

Antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, insecticidal, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, cytotoxic [35, 37, 38].

EUPHORBIACEAE/Croton macrostachys Hochst. – 40501/HNC

Malaria, antidiabetic, purgative mastitis, wounds, gastrointestinal Complications [39–41].

Leaves

Neoclerodan-5,10-en-19,6β;20,12-diolide; 3α,19-Dihydroxytrachylobane; 3α,18,19-Trihydroxytrachylobane, lupeol, lupenone, betulinic acid, 28-O-acetylbetulin, betulin, lupeol acetate, zeorin, benzoic acid, methyl gallate, methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate, lichexanthone, β-sitosterol, and β-sitosterol palmitate, stigmasterol, botulin, crotepoxide [42, 43].

Antimicrobial, antimalarial, cytotoxic [38, 39, 41].

FABACEAE/Cassia obtusifolia L. – 39847/HNC

Laxative, eye infections, diarrhea, urinary tract infections, gingivitis, fever, cough [25].

Whole plant

aloe-emodin, 1-methylaurantio-obtusin-2-O-β-_D-glucopyranoside, emodin, 1,2- dihydroxyanthraquinone, obtusin, chrysoobtusin, aurantioobtusin, gluco-obtusifolin, glucoaurantioobtusin, gluco-chryso-obtusin, 1-desmethylaurantio-obtusin, 1-desmethylaurantio-obtusin-2-O-β- _D-glucopyranoside, 1-desmethylchryso-obtusin, 1-desmethyl-obtusin, aurantio-obtusin-6-O-β-_D-glucopyranoside, alaternin-1-O-β-_D-glucopyranoside, chrysoobtusin-2-O-β-_D-glucopyranoside physicon-8-O-β-_D-glucoside, obtusifolin, O-methyl-chrysophanol, emodin-1-O-β-gentio-bioside, chrysophanol-1-O-β-gentiobioside, physcion-8-O-β-gentiobioside, physcion-8-O-β-glucoside, chrysophanol-1-O-β-_D-glucopyranosyl-(13)-β-_D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-_D-glucopyranoside, chrysophanic acid, physcion, questin, 1,3-dihydroxy-8-methylanthraquinone, chrysophanol- 10,10′-bianthrone, torosachrysone [44].

Antibacterial, antifungal, mosquito larvicidal activity, platelet antiaggregatory, neuroprotective [25, 45–47].

SAPINDACEAE/Paullinia pinnata L. – 10702/SRF-Cam

Malaria, erectile dysfunction [24].

Leaves, stem

Paullinoside A, paullinomides A and B, β-amyrin, 13β,17β-dihydroxy-28-norolean-12-ene, β-sitosterol glucopyranoside, 2-O-methyl-L-chiro-inositol, L-quebrachitol, β-sitosterol, friedelin, daucosterol, aridanin, lotoidoside [24, 48].

Antiparasitic, antimicrobial, cytotoxic [24, 38, 49].