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Table 4 Serum biochemical values of rats treated with MHEE for 4 weeks

From: Acute and subacute toxicity of an ethanolic extract of Melandrii Herba in Crl:CD sprague dawley rats and cytotoxicity of the extract in vitro

Dose (mg/kg/day)

0

500

1000

2000

Male rats

 Glucose (mg/dL)

108.9 ± 23.89

118.7 ± 12.86

126.8 ± 10.29

118.3 ± 21.31

 BUN (mg/dL)

14.6 ± 2.52

13.3 ± 0.64

12.9 ± 0.57

14.4 ± 2.56

 Creatinine (mg/dL)

0.4 ± 0.03

0.4 ± 0.05

0.4 ± 0.05

0.4 ± 0.02

 Total protein (g/dL)

6.2 ± 0.36

6.1 ± 0.17

6.1 ± 0.09

6.2 ± 0.21

 Albumin (g/dL)

4.0 ± 0.18

4.0 ± 0.06

4.0 ± 0.05

4.0 ± 0.09

 Albumin/globulin ratio

1.9 ± 0.15

1.9 ± 0.11

1.9 ± 0.09

1.8 ± 0.12

 Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

55.2 ± 15.56

63.4 ± 7.30

55.2 ± 6.38

69.6 ± 14.94

 Triglycerides (mg/dL)

21.3 ± 7.84

27.5 ± 8.48

18.0 ± 7.15

23.8 ± 7.19

 Phospholipid (mg/dL)

86.2 ± 16.45

97.6 ± 10.01

84.8 ± 7.22

98.0 ± 14.09

 AST (IU/L)

118.1 ± 9.24

116.8 ± 14.48

108.6 ± 16.78

110.7 ± 11.73

 ALT (IU/L)

36.3 ± 3.50

29.2 ± 2.66

30.8 ± 3.75

32.3 ± 5.73

 Total bilirubin (mg/dL)

0.1 ± 0.03

0.1 ± 0.01

0.1 ± 0.01

0.1 ± 0.03

 ALP (IU/L)

714.6 ± 104.91

757.7 ± 109.10

557.0 ± 81.66

603.8 ± 124.47

 Creatine kinase (IU/L)

497.2 ± 193.62

669.2 ± 362.80

473.2 ± 54.79

494.6 ± 119.26

 Ca (mg/dL)

10.6 ± 0.25

10.8 ± 0.10

10.7 ± 0.18

11.1 ± 0.65

 IP (mg/dL)

10.9 ± 0.42

11.1 ± 0.71

10.7 ± 0.64

11.9 ± 1.51

 Na (mmol/L)

138.6 ± 0.55

139.2 ± 1.79

140.0 ± 1.58

140.0 ± 1.58

 K (mmol/L)

9.0 ± 0.57

9.2 ± 1.13

8.0 ± 1.19

8.3 ± 0.97

 Cl (mmol/L)

97.4 ± 1.14

97.6 ± 1.82

98.0 ± 1.58

96.6 ± 0.89

 GGT (IU/L)

0.7 ± 0.29

0.7 ± 0.23

0.7 ± 0.18

0.7 ± 0.26

Female rats

 Glucose (mg/dL)

93.7 ± 18.39

111.1 ± 21.40

141.2 ± 27.07**

99.7 ± 17.64

 BUN (mg/dL)

16.7 ± 3.18

18.8 ± 3.30

20.3 ± 3.62

19.0 ± 4.05

 Creatinine (mg/dL)

0.4 ± 0.08

0.4 ± 0.04

0.5 ± 0.13

0.5 ± 0.09

 Total protein (g/dL)

6.2 ± 0.37

6.6 ± 0.24

6.9 ± 0.24**

6.5 ± 0.17

 Albumin (g/dL)

4.1 ± 0.17

4.3 ± 0.12

4.5 ± 0.26*

4.3 ± 0.10

 Albumin/globulin ratio

2.1 ± 0.15

1.9 ± 0.10

1.9 ± 0.15

2.0 ± 0.03

 Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

64.2 ± 10.47

67.6 ± 11.08

79.6 ± 11.61

59.6 ± 12.05

 Triglycerides (mg/dL)

12.0 ± 3.98

12.8 ± 4.04

15.4 ± 5.87

7.1 ± 2.05

 Phospholipid (mg/dL)

111.6 ± 20.60

124.0 ± 18.32

136.6 ± 18.54

103.2 ± 15.90

 AST (IU/L)

118.3 ± 15.95

107.2 ± 16.03

120.8 ± 13.35

117.9 ± 13.45

 ALT (IU/L)

24.2 ± 2.45

25.5 ± 3.60

26.9 ± 2.95

25.4 ± 4.51

 Total bilirubin (mg/dL)

0.1 ± 0.02

0.1 ± 0.01

0.1 ± 0.02

0.1 ± 0.02

 ALP (IU/L)

376.3 ± 106.87

400.8 ± 110.06

319.6 ± 57.75

370.5 ± 106.39

 Creatine kinase (IU/L)

615.6 ± 155.68

417.2 ± 127.15

550.4 ± 185.10

621.2 ± 234.55

 Ca (mg/dL)

10.3 ± 0.16

10.7 ± 0.31

10.9 ± 0.26**

10.7 ± 0.28*

 IP (mg/dL)

9.3 ± 0.49

9.6 ± 0.98

9.2 ± 0.44

9.3 ± 0.75

 Na (mmol/L)

138.2 ± 1.92

139.6 ± 1.34

139.6 ± 1.14

139.8 ± 0.84

 K (mmol/L)

7.8 ± 0.37

7.7 ± 0.96

7.1 ± 0.86

7.4 ± 0.54

 Cl (mmol/L)

99.2 ± 2.68

99.4 ± 1.67

98.8 ± 2.28

98.8 ± 1.92

 GGT (IU/L)

1.2 ± 0.44

1.2 ± 0.19

1.2 ± 0.15

1.2 ± 0.30

  1. Values are presented as the mean ± SD
  2. *, ** indicate a significant difference at P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively, when compared with the vehicle control group
  3. ALP alkaline phosphatase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, BUN blood urea nitrogen