Dose (mg/kg/day) | 0 | 500 | 1000 | 2000 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Male rats | ||||
Glucose (mg/dL) | 108.9 ± 23.89 | 118.7 ± 12.86 | 126.8 ± 10.29 | 118.3 ± 21.31 |
BUN (mg/dL) | 14.6 ± 2.52 | 13.3 ± 0.64 | 12.9 ± 0.57 | 14.4 ± 2.56 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.4 ± 0.03 | 0.4 ± 0.05 | 0.4 ± 0.05 | 0.4 ± 0.02 |
Total protein (g/dL) | 6.2 ± 0.36 | 6.1 ± 0.17 | 6.1 ± 0.09 | 6.2 ± 0.21 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 4.0 ± 0.18 | 4.0 ± 0.06 | 4.0 ± 0.05 | 4.0 ± 0.09 |
Albumin/globulin ratio | 1.9 ± 0.15 | 1.9 ± 0.11 | 1.9 ± 0.09 | 1.8 ± 0.12 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 55.2 ± 15.56 | 63.4 ± 7.30 | 55.2 ± 6.38 | 69.6 ± 14.94 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 21.3 ± 7.84 | 27.5 ± 8.48 | 18.0 ± 7.15 | 23.8 ± 7.19 |
Phospholipid (mg/dL) | 86.2 ± 16.45 | 97.6 ± 10.01 | 84.8 ± 7.22 | 98.0 ± 14.09 |
AST (IU/L) | 118.1 ± 9.24 | 116.8 ± 14.48 | 108.6 ± 16.78 | 110.7 ± 11.73 |
ALT (IU/L) | 36.3 ± 3.50 | 29.2 ± 2.66 | 30.8 ± 3.75 | 32.3 ± 5.73 |
Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.1 ± 0.03 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.03 |
ALP (IU/L) | 714.6 ± 104.91 | 757.7 ± 109.10 | 557.0 ± 81.66 | 603.8 ± 124.47 |
Creatine kinase (IU/L) | 497.2 ± 193.62 | 669.2 ± 362.80 | 473.2 ± 54.79 | 494.6 ± 119.26 |
Ca (mg/dL) | 10.6 ± 0.25 | 10.8 ± 0.10 | 10.7 ± 0.18 | 11.1 ± 0.65 |
IP (mg/dL) | 10.9 ± 0.42 | 11.1 ± 0.71 | 10.7 ± 0.64 | 11.9 ± 1.51 |
Na (mmol/L) | 138.6 ± 0.55 | 139.2 ± 1.79 | 140.0 ± 1.58 | 140.0 ± 1.58 |
K (mmol/L) | 9.0 ± 0.57 | 9.2 ± 1.13 | 8.0 ± 1.19 | 8.3 ± 0.97 |
Cl (mmol/L) | 97.4 ± 1.14 | 97.6 ± 1.82 | 98.0 ± 1.58 | 96.6 ± 0.89 |
GGT (IU/L) | 0.7 ± 0.29 | 0.7 ± 0.23 | 0.7 ± 0.18 | 0.7 ± 0.26 |
Female rats | ||||
Glucose (mg/dL) | 93.7 ± 18.39 | 111.1 ± 21.40 | 141.2 ± 27.07** | 99.7 ± 17.64 |
BUN (mg/dL) | 16.7 ± 3.18 | 18.8 ± 3.30 | 20.3 ± 3.62 | 19.0 ± 4.05 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.4 ± 0.08 | 0.4 ± 0.04 | 0.5 ± 0.13 | 0.5 ± 0.09 |
Total protein (g/dL) | 6.2 ± 0.37 | 6.6 ± 0.24 | 6.9 ± 0.24** | 6.5 ± 0.17 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 4.1 ± 0.17 | 4.3 ± 0.12 | 4.5 ± 0.26* | 4.3 ± 0.10 |
Albumin/globulin ratio | 2.1 ± 0.15 | 1.9 ± 0.10 | 1.9 ± 0.15 | 2.0 ± 0.03 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 64.2 ± 10.47 | 67.6 ± 11.08 | 79.6 ± 11.61 | 59.6 ± 12.05 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 12.0 ± 3.98 | 12.8 ± 4.04 | 15.4 ± 5.87 | 7.1 ± 2.05 |
Phospholipid (mg/dL) | 111.6 ± 20.60 | 124.0 ± 18.32 | 136.6 ± 18.54 | 103.2 ± 15.90 |
AST (IU/L) | 118.3 ± 15.95 | 107.2 ± 16.03 | 120.8 ± 13.35 | 117.9 ± 13.45 |
ALT (IU/L) | 24.2 ± 2.45 | 25.5 ± 3.60 | 26.9 ± 2.95 | 25.4 ± 4.51 |
Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.1 ± 0.02 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.02 | 0.1 ± 0.02 |
ALP (IU/L) | 376.3 ± 106.87 | 400.8 ± 110.06 | 319.6 ± 57.75 | 370.5 ± 106.39 |
Creatine kinase (IU/L) | 615.6 ± 155.68 | 417.2 ± 127.15 | 550.4 ± 185.10 | 621.2 ± 234.55 |
Ca (mg/dL) | 10.3 ± 0.16 | 10.7 ± 0.31 | 10.9 ± 0.26** | 10.7 ± 0.28* |
IP (mg/dL) | 9.3 ± 0.49 | 9.6 ± 0.98 | 9.2 ± 0.44 | 9.3 ± 0.75 |
Na (mmol/L) | 138.2 ± 1.92 | 139.6 ± 1.34 | 139.6 ± 1.14 | 139.8 ± 0.84 |
K (mmol/L) | 7.8 ± 0.37 | 7.7 ± 0.96 | 7.1 ± 0.86 | 7.4 ± 0.54 |
Cl (mmol/L) | 99.2 ± 2.68 | 99.4 ± 1.67 | 98.8 ± 2.28 | 98.8 ± 1.92 |
GGT (IU/L) | 1.2 ± 0.44 | 1.2 ± 0.19 | 1.2 ± 0.15 | 1.2 ± 0.30 |