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Table 3 Comparison of physical examinations and laboratory data of patients with type 2 diabetes with and without tongue manifestations of blood stasis

From: The association between arterial stiffness and tongue manifestations of blood stasis in patients with type 2 diabetes

Variables

Bluish tongue

p-value

Petechiae

p-value

Engorged sublingual collateral vessels

p-value

Without (n = 106)

With (n = 34)

Without (n = 118)

With (n = 22)

Without (n = 36)

With (n = 99)

BMI(kg/m2)

25.53 ± 3.56

27.01 ± 4.69

0.09

25.85 ± 4.10

26.30 ± 3.23

0.65

26.04 ± 3.25

25.96 ± 4.25

0.94

Waistline(cm)

87.10 ± 9.96

89.50 ± 11.36

0.33

87.13 ± 10.26

89.85 ± 10.55

0.30

87.87 ± 7.90

87.76 ± 11.17

0.97

Hipline(cm)

95.86 ± 7.75

97.84 ± 9.57

0.31

96.33 ± 8.70

96.51 ± 6.49

0.93

96.36 ± 4.43

96.59 ± 9.22

0.88

Systolic pressure(mmHg)

122.44 ± 13.84

129.28 ± 13.39

0.06

123.04 ± 13.96

131.50 ± 11.98

0.10

121.61 ± 13.60

124.18 ± 14.04

0.45

Diastolic pressure(mmHg)

71.44 ± 4.04

73.72 ± 4.86

0.04

71.61 ± 4.24

74.75 ± 3.81

0.05

71.87 ± 4.71

71.79 ± 4.18

0.94

Foot examination score

1.49 ± 1.62

1.26 ± 1.18

0.53

1.41 ± 1.51

1.50 ± 1.54

0.81

1.21 ± 1.35

1.46 ± 1.53

0.51

ABI(L)

1.10 ± 0.11

1.12 ± 0.09

0.36

1.10 ± 0.11

1.15 ± 0.09

0.07

1.06 ± 0.15

1.12 ± 0.09

0.05

ABI(R)

1.13 ± 0.09

1.12 ± 0.12

0.66

1.12 ± 0.11

1.15 ± 0.06

0.17

1.10 ± 0.13

1.13 ± 0.07

0.28

ba-PWV(L)(cm/sec)

1743.10 ± 360.03

1817.88 ± 316.40

0.36

1723.99 ± 302.16

1938.41 ± 469.54

0.02

1725.53 ± 368.85

1761.38 ± 348.82

0.71

ba-PWV(R)(cm/sec)

1760.39 ± 366.31

1831.88 ± 305.58

0.38

1741.99 ± 325.82

1937.28 ± 405.55

0.03

1710.88 ± 383.36

1787.58 ± 346.15

0.43

HbA1c(%)

7.06 ± 1.11

6.94 ± 1.01

0.59

7.05 ± 1.08

6.94 ± 1.13

0.66

7.16 ± 1.33

6.97 ± 0.97

0.38

AC sugar(mg/dl)

137.05 ± 34.33

136.29 ± 25.85

0.91

137.33 ± 33.33

134.41 ± 27.10

0.70

139.09 ± 44.13

135.90 ± 27.37

0.69

Cholesterol(mg/dl)

168.97 ± 34.17

168.03 ± 34.90

0.89

170.01 ± 34.69

162.09 ± 31.57

0.32

168.97 ± 37.21

169.10 ± 33.33

0.98

TG(mg/dl)

116.70 ± 62.92

145.47 ± 86.96

0.04

118.84 ± 67.86

149.95 ± 79.17

0.06

139.74 ± 76.76

119.10 ± 69.06

0.14

HDL(mg/dl)

50.17 ± 13.88

44.32 ± 11.97

0.03

49.90 ± 14.19

42.59 ± 7.88

0.02

47.83 ± 12.89

49.45 ± 14.09

0.55

LDL(mg/dl)

96.05 ± 27.10

91.19 ± 24.12

0.35

95.68 ± 26.37

90.50 ± 26.72

0.40

98.17 ± 29.54

93.59 ± 25.37

0.38

Cr(mg/dl)

0.93 ± 0.50

0.99 ± 0.43

0.56

0.94 ± 0.50

0.96 ± 0.40

0.89

0.90 ± 0.30

0.97 ± 0.54

0.47

GOT(U/L)

27.88 ± 15.69

32.03 ± 21.16

0.30

28.66 ± 17.61

30.32 ± 15.62

0.68

29.22 ± 19.24

28.92 ± 16.99

0.93

GPT(U/L)

27.66 ± 15.76

33.59 ± 31.47

0.30

28.76 ± 20.72

31.09 ± 21.85

0.63

29.79 ± 19.02

29.30 ± 21.90

0.91

Microalbumin(mg/day)

286.79 ± 982.78

374.99 ± 1094.05

0.67

352.04 ± 1096.11

95.14 ± 205.03

0.03

244.97 ± 731.47

339.18 ± 1111.65

0.67

  1. Values represented as mean ± SD. p-values performed by independent t test
  2. HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, AC sugar fasting blood-glucose level, TG triglyceride, HDL High-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, Cr Creatinine, GOT glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, GPT glutamate pyruvate transaminase, BMI body mass index, ABI ankle brachial index, ba-PWV brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity