Table 5 The change of score for each asthenopia question after tablet computer watching was compared between baseline and final visits

Tired eyes

Baseline visit

0.124

Mean (SD)

0.62 (1.10)

0.21 (1.14)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−1.00,3.00)

0.00 (−2.00,3.00)

Final visit

Mean (SD)

−0.31 (1.32)

−0.33 (1.34)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−2.00,2.00)

0.00 (−2.00,2.00)

p-value**

0.001

0.002

Sore/aching eyes

Baseline visit

0.239

Mean (SD)

0.23 (0.99)

0.38 (0.92)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−3.00,3.00)

0.00 (−1.00,3.00)

Final visit

Mean (SD)

−0.15 (1.05)

0.21 (1.06)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−3.00,1.00)

0.00 (−2.00,2.00)

p-value**

0.038

0.231

Irritated eyes

Baseline visit

0.308

Mean (SD)

0.54 (0.81)

0.54 (1.18)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−1.00,2.00)

0.00 (−1.00,3.00)

Final visit

Mean (SD)

−0.04 (1.22)

0.13 (0.90)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−3.00,2.00)

0.00 (−1.00,2.00)

p-value*

0.010

0.033

Watery eyes

Baseline visit

0.072

Mean (SD)

0.81 (1.10)

0.00 (1.59)

Median (Min, Max)

0.50 (−1.00,3.00)

0.00 (−4.00,4.00)

Final visit

Mean (SD)

0.12 (1.07)

−0.21 (1.53)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−2.00,4.00)

0.00 (−4.00,3.00)

p-value*

0.005

0.164

Dry eyes

Baseline visit

0.024

Mean (SD)

0.19 (1.39)

0.04 (0.86)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−4.00,3.00)

0.00 (−2.00,2.00)

Final visit

Mean (SD)

−0.69 (1.41)

0.00 (1.18)

Median (Min, Max)

−1.00 (−3.00,2.00)

0.00 (−3.00,3.00)

p-value*

0.003

0.443

Eye strain

Baseline visit

0.072

Mean (SD)

0.38 (1.06)

0.08 (1.06)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−2.00,3.00)

0.00 (−2.00,2.00)

Final visit

Mean (SD)

−0.27 (1.08)

−0.13 (1.33)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−3.00,2.00)

0.00 (−3.00,3.00)

p-value*

0.006

0.116

Hot/burning eyes

Baseline visit

0.201

Mean (SD)

0.19 (1.27)

0.50 (1.10)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−4.00,3.00)

0.00 (−1.00,3.00)

Final visit

Mean (SD)

−0.15 (1.01)

0.38 (1.21)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−3.00,2.00)

0.00 (−2.00,3.00)

p-value*

0.065

0.189

Blurred vision

Baseline visit

0.193

Mean (SD)

0.08 (0.98)

−0.29 (1.04)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−3.00,2.00)

0.00 (−3.00,2.00)

Final visit

Mean (SD)

−0.35 (1.09)

−0.46 (1.35)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−3.00,2.00)

0.00 (−3.00,3.00)

p-value*

0.035

0.191

Difficult focusing

Baseline visit

0.131

Mean (SD)

0.46 (0.76)

−0.25 (0.79)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (0.00,3.00)

0.00 (−3.00,1.00)

Final visit

Mean (SD)

0.12 (0.82)

−0.25 (0.94)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−2.00,2.00)

0.00 (−2.00,3.00)

p-value*

0.071

0.500

Visual discomfort

Baseline visit

0.199

Mean (SD)

0.04 (0.72)

−0.17 (1.05)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−1.00,2.00)

0.00 (−3.00,3.00)

Final visit

Mean (SD)

−0.42 (1.21)

−0.33 (1.66)

Median (Min, Max)

0.00 (−3.00,3.00)

0.00 (−5.00,4.00)

p-value*

0.019

0.279