Fig. 4

GJD is not cytotoxic to CT26 cells, but does suppress their proliferation and invasion. a Effects of GJD on the viability of CT-26 cells. CT26 cells (1 × 10⁴ cells/well) were incubated with 0–1.0 mg/ml GJD for 24 h and cell viability was measured in an MTT assay. b Effect of GJD on the proliferation of CT-26 cells. CT-26 cells (1 × 10⁴ cells/well) were incubated with 0–1.0 mg/ml GJD for 24 h and proliferation was measured in a BrdU assay. c Effect of GJD on the invasion of CT-26 cells. CT-26 cells were incubated for 24 h in the presence of vehicle or 1.0 mg/ml GJD and subjected to an invasion assay: upper wells, 1 × 10⁵ CT-26 cells and 0.2 % BSA; lower wells: serum free medium and fibronectin (10 μl/ml). The histogram represents the number of invading cells, which was counted in five chosen areas (mean ± SEM, n = 3). An asterisk indicates a significant difference between the GJD and control groups (**P < 0.01)