Fig. 6

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) 8, caspase-9 mRNA expression levels, Fatty acid synthase (FASN) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1). Inhibitory effect of AOE on lipoapoptosis-related mRNA expression in HepG2 cells. The mRNA expression level was measured using SYBR green qPCR. Cells were starved 16 h, treated with 0.5 mM NEFA for 24 h, and then with 300 μg/mL AOE for 24 h. Total RNA was then extracted reverse transcribed using PCR and qPCR. a-d, Lipoapoptosis-related gene expression level was calculated using GAPDH expression level as an internal control. Statistical significant was determined using Student’s t-test. Values are mean ± SEM, ^# p < 0.05 compared to control, ^## p < 0.01, ^* p < 0.05 compared to NEFA-treated group, ^** p < 0.01. qPCR, real-time polymerase chain reaction; AOE, Alisma orientale extract; NEFA, non-esterified fatty acid; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase