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Table 3 Parameters of indirect calorimetry at the end of experiment

From: The combination of Artemisia princeps Pamp, Leonurus japonicas Houtt, and Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruit attenuates the exacerbation of energy, lipid, and glucose by increasing hepatic PGC-1α expression in estrogen-deficient rats

 

Control (n = 12)

APP (n = 12)

APP + LJH (n = 12)

APP + LJH + GJE (n = 12)

Positive-control (n = 12)

Caloric intakes (Kcal/day)

95.4 ± 10

104 ± 11

103 ± 11

103 ± 10

92 ± 10

Energy expenditure (kcal/ kg0.75/day)

106 ± 12c

111 ± 11bc

119 ± 12b

137 ± 13a

131 ± 13a

Respiratory quotient

0.84 ± 0.11

0.81 ± 0.10

0.82 ± 0.09

0.80 ± 0.09

0.79 ± 0.09

Carbohydrate oxidation (mg/ kg0.75/min)

5.3 ± 0.7a

4.3 ± 0.6b

4.8 ± 0.6ab

4.5 ± 0.5b

4.1 ± 0.6b

Fat oxidation (mg/ kg0.75/min)

6.2 ± 0.8c

7.6 ± 0.8b

8.0 ± 0.9b

10.3 ± 1.2a

9.7 ± 1.1a

  1. Control, OVX rats fed a high-fat diet (OVX-CON) with 2 % dextrin; APP, OVX rats fed a high fat diet with 2 % Artemisia princeps Pamp water extract; LJH, OVX rats fed a high fat diet with 2 % Leonurus japonicas Houtt water extract; GJE, OVX rats fed a high fat diet with 2 % Gardenia jasminoides Ellis water extract; positive-control, OVX rats fed a high fat diet with 30 μg/kg body weight 17β-estradiol + 2 % dextrose. Values are mean ± SD
  2. a,b,c Significantly different among all groups by Tukey test at p < 0.05