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Table 1 Effects of rutin on intestinal pH, total acidity, free acidity and CMDI induced by MTX in rats

From: Rutin attenuates intestinal toxicity induced by Methotrexate linked with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects

Groups

Treatment

pH (mEq/l)

Total acidity

Free acidity (mEq/l)

CMDI

Group-I

Sham control (Normal saline, 3.0 ml/kg)

7.15 ± 0.01

11.02 ± 0.61

7.47 ± 0.61

0.33 ± 0.15

Group-II

Toxic control (MTX, 2.5 mg/kg)

6.32 ± 0.04a

15.06 ± 0.80a

11.46 ± 0.58a

4.08 ± 0.05a

Group-III

Rutin (50 mg/kg)

7.67 ± 0.03***a

11.74 ± 0.69**

(22.05 %)

8.45 ± 0.57***

(26.20 %)

1.17 ± 0.41***c (58.25 %)

Group-IV

Rutin + MTX(50 + 2.5 mg/kg)

7.44 ± 0.02***a

12.68 ± 0.87***

(15.74 %)

11.14 ± 0.60a

(2.70 %)

1.67 ± 0.52***a

(58.32 %)

Group-V

Rutin (100 mg/kg)

7.81 ± 0.01***a

11.06 ± 0.38***

(26.57 %)

8.70 ± 0.31***

(24.01 %)

1.17 ± 0.52***c

(58.25 %)

Group-VI

Rutin + MTX (100 + 2.5 mg/kg)

7.21 ± 0.01***

12.75 ± 0.85***

(15.28 %)

10.13 ± 0.71b

(11.52 %)

2.50 ± 0.55***a

(37.50 %)

  1. Each group contains six animals. Values are represented as mean ± SEM
  2. Statistical significance compared to toxic control using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test
  3. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001). Values in parenthesis represent percentage inhibition
  4. Statistical significance compared to sham control using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test
  5. c P < 0.05, b P < 0.01 and a P < 0.001 were considered statistically significant